Linux下快速部署MySQL数据库

2018年2月4日作者 @hostease

一.下载对应的软件版本

下载地址：https://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.6/

[root@localhost ~]# wget -q https://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.6/sql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

二、解压、配置用户和权限

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -pv  /Data/apps
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /Data/apps/
[root@localhost ~]# cd /Data/apps/
[root@localhost apps]# mv mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/ mysql-5.6.36
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql  /Data/apps/mysql-5.6.36
[root@localhost ~]# cd /Data/apps/mysql-5.6.36

三、初始化数据库

[root@localhost mysql-5.6.36]#  cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf 
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.36]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/Data/apps/mysql-5.6.36/ --datadir=/Data/apps/mysql-5.6.36/data/ --user=mysql
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.36]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.36]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.36]# sed -i 's#/usr/local/mysql#/Data/apps/mysql-5.6.36#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld #主要最后都没有'/'
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.36]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/Data/apps/mysql-5.6.36/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.
..                                                         [确定]
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.36]# netstat -tnlp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address               Foreign Address             State       PID/Program name   
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      947/sshd            
tcp        0      0 :::22                       :::*                        LISTEN      947/sshd            
tcp        0      0 :::3306

四、配置MySQL环境变量

[root@localhost mysql-5.6.36]# echo “export PATH=/Data/apps/mysql-5.6.36/bin:$PATH” > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.36]# . /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

五、测试登录

root@localhost mysql-5.6.36]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.6.36 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> select version();
+-----------+
| version() |
+-----------+
| 5.6.36    |
+-----------+
1 row in set (0.05 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.15 sec)

六、配置安全策略(建议)

[root@localhost mysql-5.6.36]# mysql_secure_installation 

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL
      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user.  If you've just installed MySQL, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.

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