{"id":3530,"date":"2018-07-16T10:00:37","date_gmt":"2018-07-16T02:00:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/?p=3530"},"modified":"2018-07-16T10:00:37","modified_gmt":"2018-07-16T02:00:37","slug":"linux%e6%ad%a3%e5%88%99%e8%a1%a8%e8%be%be%e5%bc%8fgrep%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%e5%85%a5%e9%97%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/jishu\/linux\/linux%e6%ad%a3%e5%88%99%e8%a1%a8%e8%be%be%e5%bc%8fgrep%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%e5%85%a5%e9%97%a8\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0fgrep\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc6\u522b\u6587\u672c\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002Linux\u5904\u7406\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662fgrep\u3002grep\u641c\u7d22\u4e0e\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u8f93\u9001\u81f3\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n

1. grep\u5339\u914d\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong><\/p>\n

grep\u6309\u4e0b\u8ff0\u65b9\u5f0f\u63a5\u53d7\u9009\u9879\u548c\u53c2\u6570(\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cregex\u8868\u793a\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f)<\/p>\n

grep [options] regex [files]<\/p>\n

\u5176\u4e2doptions\u4e3b\u8981\u4e3a\u4e0b\u8868\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u9009\u9879<\/td>\n\u542b\u4e49<\/td>\n\u529f\u80fd\u63cf\u8ff0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
-i<\/td>\nignore case<\/td>\n\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
-v<\/td>\ninvert match<\/td>\n\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u5339\u914d\u7684<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
-l<\/td>\nfile-with-match<\/td>\n\u8f93\u51fa\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
-L<\/td>\nfile-without-match<\/td>\n\u8f93\u51fa\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
-c<\/td>\ncount<\/td>\n\u8f93\u51fa\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6570\u76ee\uff08\u884c\u6570\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
-n<\/td>\nnumber<\/td>\n\u8f93\u51fa\u5339\u914d\u884c\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u524d\u9762\u52a0\u4e0a\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u53ca\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e2d\u7684\u884c\u6570<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
-h<\/td>\nno-filename<\/td>\n\u6291\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u7684\u8f93\u51fa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u4e3e\u4f8b\u8bf4\u660e<\/p>\n

\u5047\u8bbe\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6del1\u3001del2\u3001del3\u4e09\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5b50<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

2. \u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u7b26\u53f7<\/td>\n\u542b\u4e49<\/td>\n\u4e3e\u4f8b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
^<\/td>\n\u5f00\u59cb\u6807\u8bb0<\/td>\n“^abc”\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50abc\u3001abcd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
^<\/td>\n\u975e\uff08\u5728[]\u5185\uff09<\/td>\n“[^abc]”\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1addd\u3001mpd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
$<\/td>\n\u7ed3\u675f\u6807\u8bb0<\/td>\n\u201dabc$\u201d\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50abc\u3001mmabc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
.<\/td>\n\u4efb\u610f\u5b57\u7b26<\/td>\n“a.c”\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50abc\u3001fapcc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\\<<\/td>\n\u5339\u914d\u5355\u8bcd\u5f00\u59cb<\/td>\n“\\<abc”\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50abc\u3001abcd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\\><\/td>\n\u5339\u914d\u5355\u8bcd\u7ed3\u675f<\/td>\n“abc\\>”\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50abc\u3001pmrabc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
|<\/td>\n\u6216<\/td>\n“AAA|BBB”\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50AAA\u3001BBBpp<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

3. \u8303\u56f4<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u7b26\u53f7<\/td>\n\u542b\u4e49<\/td>\n\u4e3e\u4f8b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
?<\/td>\n\u5339\u914d\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b260\u62161\u6b21<\/td>\n“abc?”\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50ab\u3001mabcd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
*<\/td>\n\u5339\u914d\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u22650\u6b21<\/td>\n“abc*”\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50abbb\u3001abcdk<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
+<\/td>\n\u5339\u914d\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u22651\u6b21<\/td>\n“abc+”\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50abcd\u3001abcccdd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
{}<\/td>\n{m}\u3001{m,n}\u3001{m,}\u3001{,n}\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\u5339\u914d\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26m\u6b21\u3001m\u5230n\u6b21\u3001\u2265m\u6b21\u3001\u2264n\u6b21<\/td>\n“abc\\{3,5\\}”\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50abcccc\u3001abcccccc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
[]<\/td>\n[]\u5185\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u9009\u5176\u4e00\uff1b\u662f\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u9009\u5176\u4e00<\/td>\n“m[abc]p”\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50acpd\uff1bm[1-9]p\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50m8pp<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
()<\/td>\n\u5c06\u5019\u9009\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u653e\u5728()\u5185\uff0c\u7528|\u9694\u5f00<\/td>\n“a(1|2|3)bc”\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50a1bc\u3001mba3bcd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a{}\u5728\u90d1\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u8f6c\u79fb\uff0c\u800c{}()\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6ce8\u610f\u7406\u89e3{}\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

4. \u6807\u51c6\u5b57\u7b26\u7c7b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u5b57\u7b26\u7c7b<\/td>\n\u91ca\u4e49<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
[:alnum:]<\/td>\n\u5b57\u6bcd\u548c\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u4e0e[A-Za-z0-9]\u7b49\u4ef7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
[:word:]<\/td>\n[:alnum:]\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf_<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
[:alpa:]<\/td>\n\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u4e0e[A-Za-z]\u7b49\u4ef7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
[:digit:]<\/td>\n\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u4e0e[0-9]\u7b49\u4ef7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
[:xdigit:]<\/td>\n\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u4e0e[0-9A-Fa-f\u7b49\u4ef7]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
[:blank:]<\/td>\n\u7a7a\u683c\u548c\u5236\u8868\u7b26<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
[:graph:]<\/td>\n\u53ef\u89c1\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u9760\u626933~126<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
[:lower:]<\/td>\n\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
[:upper:]<\/td>\n\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
[:print:]<\/td>\n\u53ef\u6253\u5370\u5b57\u7b26<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
[:space:]<\/td>\n\u7a7a\u767d\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e[\\t\\r\\n\\v\\f]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
[:punct:]<\/td>\n\u6807\u70b9\u7b26\u53f7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
[:cntrl:]<\/td>\nASCII\u63a7\u5236\u7801\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5b57\u7b260~31\u4ee5\u53ca127<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u4f8b\u5b50<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc6\u522b\u6587\u672c\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002Linux\u5904\u7406\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662fgrep\u3002grep\u641c\u7d22\u4e0e\u6b63\u5219 … \u9605\u8bfb\u66f4\u591a<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[49],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3530","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3530","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3530"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3530\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3532,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3530\/revisions\/3532"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3530"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3530"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3530"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}