{"id":2354,"date":"2017-06-22T05:54:22","date_gmt":"2017-06-21T21:54:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/?p=2354"},"modified":"2025-01-15T14:48:53","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T06:48:53","slug":"linux-%e4%b8%ad%e9%ab%98%e6%95%88%e7%bc%96%e5%86%99-bash-%e8%84%9a%e6%9c%ac%e7%9a%84-10-%e4%b8%aa%e6%8a%80%e5%b7%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/jishu\/linux\/linux-%e4%b8%ad%e9%ab%98%e6%95%88%e7%bc%96%e5%86%99-bash-%e8%84%9a%e6%9c%ac%e7%9a%84-10-%e4%b8%aa%e6%8a%80%e5%b7%a7\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux \u4e2d\u9ad8\u6548\u7f16\u5199 Bash \u811a\u672c\u7684 10 \u4e2a\u6280\u5de7"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Shell \u811a\u672c\u7f16\u7a0b \u662f\u4f60\u5728 Linux \u4e0b\u5b66\u4e60\u6216\u7ec3\u4e60\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u5bf9 \u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u8981\u5904\u7406\u7740\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4e14\u8981\u5f00\u53d1\u65b0\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6216\u5de5\u5177\u7b49\uff08\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ea\u662f\u4ec5\u4e3e\u51e0\u4f8b\uff09\u66f4\u662f\u5fc5\u5907\u6280\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5206\u4eab 10 \u4e2a\u5199\u51fa\u9ad8\u6548\u53ef\u9760\u7684 bash \u811a\u672c\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1\u3001 \u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u591a\u5199\u6ce8\u91ca<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u662f\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e shell \u811a\u672c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u63a8\u8350\u505a\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u4f5c\u6ce8\u91ca\u80fd\u5e2e\u4f60\u6216\u522b\u4eba\u7ffb\u9605\u4f60\u7684\u811a\u672c\u65f6\u4e86\u89e3\u811a\u672c\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u90e8\u5206\u6240\u505a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u521a\u5165\u95e8\u7684\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6ce8\u91ca\u7528 #<\/code> \u53f7\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. #<\/span> TecMint<\/span> \u662f\u6d4f\u89c8\u5404\u7c7b<\/span> Linux<\/span> \u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u7ad9\u70b9<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    2\u3001 \u5f53\u8fd0\u884c\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\u4f7f\u811a\u672c\u9000\u51fa<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    \u6709\u65f6\u5373\u4f7f\u67d0\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd0\u884c\u5931\u8d25\uff0cbash \u53ef\u80fd\u7ee7\u7eed\u53bb\u6267\u884c\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u811a\u672c\u7684\u5176\u4f59\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u4f1a\u6700\u7ec8\u5bfc\u81f4\u903b\u8f91\u9519\u8bef\uff09\u3002\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u884c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5728\u9047\u5230\u547d\u4ee4\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\u6765\u9000\u51fa\u811a\u672c\u6267\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    1. #<\/span> \u5982\u679c\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd0\u884c\u5931\u8d25\u8ba9\u811a\u672c\u9000\u51fa\u6267\u884c<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
    2. set<\/span> -<\/span>o errexit <\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
    3. #<\/span> \u6216<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
    4. set<\/span> -<\/span>e<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      3\u3001 \u5f53 Bash \u7528\u672a\u58f0\u660e\u53d8\u91cf\u65f6\u4f7f\u811a\u672c\u9000\u51fa<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      Bash \u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u8d77\u903b\u8f91\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u672a\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u884c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53bb\u901a\u77e5 bash \u5f53\u5b83\u5c1d\u8bd5\u53bb\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u58f0\u660e\u53d8\u91cf\u65f6\u5c31\u9000\u51fa\u811a\u672c\u6267\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      1. #<\/span> \u82e5\u6709\u7528\u672a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5373\u8ba9\u811a\u672c\u9000\u51fa\u6267\u884c<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
      2. set<\/span> -<\/span>o nounset<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
      3. #<\/span> \u6216<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
      4. set<\/span> -<\/span>u<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

        4\u3001 \u4f7f\u7528\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u6765\u5f15\u7528\u53d8\u91cf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        \u5f53\u5f15\u7528\u65f6\uff08\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\uff09\u7528\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u9632\u6b62\u7531\u4e8e\u7a7a\u683c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5355\u8bcd\u5206\u5272\u5f00\u548c\u7531\u4e8e\u8bc6\u522b\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u4e86\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u5339\u914d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \u770b\u770b\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        1. #<\/span>!<\/span>\/bin\/<\/span>bash<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        2. #<\/span> \u82e5\u547d\u4ee4\u5931\u8d25\u8ba9\u811a\u672c\u9000\u51fa<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        3. set<\/span> -<\/span>o errexit <\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        4. #<\/span> \u82e5\u672a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u8ba9\u811a\u672c\u9000\u51fa<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        5. set<\/span> -<\/span>o nounset<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        6. echo<\/span> \"Names without double quotes\"<\/span> <\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        7. echo<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        8. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
        9. names<\/span>=<\/span>\"Tecmint FOSSMint Linusay\"<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        10. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
        11. for<\/span> name <\/span>in<\/span> $names<\/span>;<\/span> do<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        12. echo<\/span> \"$name\"<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        13. done<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        14. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
        15. echo<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        16. echo<\/span> \"Names with double quotes\"<\/span> <\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        17. echo<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        18. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
        19. for<\/span> name <\/span>in<\/span> \"$names\"<\/span>;<\/span> do<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        20. echo<\/span> \"$name\"<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        21. done<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        22. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
        23. exit<\/span> 0<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

          \u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u9000\u51fa\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u5982\u4e0b\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \n
          1. $ <\/span>.\/<\/span>names<\/span>.<\/span>sh<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
            \"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

            <\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \u5728\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u7528\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

            5\u3001 \u5728\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

            \u9664\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u5c0f\u7684\u811a\u672c\uff08\u53ea\u6709\u51e0\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\uff09\uff0c\u603b\u662f\u8bb0\u5f97\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u4f7f\u4ee3\u7801\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u4e14\u4f7f\u5f97\u811a\u672c\u66f4\u53ef\u8bfb\u548c\u53ef\u91cd\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \u5199\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \n
            1. function<\/span> check_root<\/span>(){<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
            2. command1<\/span>;<\/span> <\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
            3. command2<\/span>;<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
            4. }<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
            5. #<\/span> \u6216<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
            6. check_root<\/span>(){<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
            7. command1<\/span>;<\/span> <\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
            8. command2<\/span>;<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
            9. }<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

              \u5199\u6210\u5355\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\u8981\u7528\u7ec8\u6b62\u7b26\u53f7\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \n
              1. check_root<\/span>(){<\/span> command1<\/span>;<\/span> command2<\/span>;<\/span> }<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                6\u3001 \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6bd4\u8f83\u65f6\u7528 =<\/code> \u800c\u4e0d\u662f ==<\/code><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                \u6ce8\u610f ==<\/code> \u662f =<\/code> \u7684\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ec5\u7528\u4e2a\u5355 =<\/code> \u6765\u505a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \n
                1. value1<\/span>=\u201d<\/span>tecmint<\/span>.<\/span>com<\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                2. value2<\/span>=\u201d<\/span>fossmint<\/span>.<\/span>com<\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                3. if<\/span> [<\/span> \"$value1\"<\/span> =<\/span> \"$value2\"<\/span> ]<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                  7\u3001 \u7528 $(command)<\/code> \u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8001\u65e7\u7684 `command`<\/code> \u6765\u505a\u4ee3\u6362<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                  \u547d\u4ee4\u4ee3\u6362<\/a> \u662f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u53d6\u4ee3\u547d\u4ee4\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u7528 $(command)<\/code> \u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5f15\u53f7 `command`<\/code> \u6765\u505a\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee3\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u4e5f\u662f shellcheck tool<\/a> \uff08\u53ef\u9488\u5bf9 shell \u811a\u672c\u663e\u793a\u8b66\u544a\u548c\u5efa\u8bae\uff09\u6240\u5efa\u8bae\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \n
                  1. user<\/span>=<\/span>`echo \u201c$UID\u201d`<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  2. user<\/span>=<\/span>$<\/span>(<\/span>echo<\/span> \u201c<\/span>$UID<\/span>\u201d)<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                    8\u3001 \u7528 readonly<\/code> \u6765\u58f0\u660e\u9759\u6001\u53d8\u91cf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                    \u9759\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\uff1b\u5b83\u7684\u503c\u4e00\u65e6\u5728\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u540e\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      \n
                    1. readonly passwd_file<\/span>=\u201d\/<\/span>etc<\/span>\/<\/span>passwd<\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    2. readonly group_file<\/span>=\u201d\/<\/span>etc<\/span>\/<\/span>group<\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                      9\u3001 \u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7528\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u547d\u540d\uff0c\u800c\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf\u7528\u5c0f\u5199<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                      \u6240\u6709\u7684 bash \u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7528\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u53bb\u547d\u540d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7528\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u6765\u547d\u540d\u4f60\u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u51b2\u7a81\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                        \n
                      1. #<\/span> \u5b9a\u4e49\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf\u7528\u5c0f\u5199\uff0c\u800c\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7528\u5927\u5199<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                      2. nikto_file<\/span>=\u201d<\/span>$HOME<\/span>\/<\/span>Downloads<\/span>\/<\/span>nikto<\/span>-<\/span>master<\/span>\/<\/span>program<\/span>\/<\/span>nikto<\/span>.<\/span>pl<\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                      3. perl <\/span>\u201c<\/span>$nikto_file<\/span>\u201d<\/span> -<\/span>h <\/span>\u201c<\/span>$1<\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                        10\u3001 \u603b\u662f\u5bf9\u957f\u811a\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u8bd5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                        \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5728\u5199\u6709\u6570\u5343\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u7684 bash \u811a\u672c\uff0c\u6392\u9519\u53ef\u80fd\u53d8\u6210\u5669\u68a6\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5728\u811a\u672c\u6267\u884c\u524d\u6613\u4e8e\u4fee\u6b63\u4e00\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u8c03\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                        Shell \u811a\u672c\u7f16\u7a0b \u662f\u4f60\u5728 Linux \u4e0b\u5b66\u4e60\u6216\u7ec3\u4e60\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u5bf9 \u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406 … \u9605\u8bfb\u66f4\u591a<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[49],"tags":[695,38],"class_list":["post-2354","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux","tag-bash","tag-linux"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2354","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2354"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2354\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9509,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2354\/revisions\/9509"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2354"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2354"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2354"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}