{"id":2342,"date":"2017-06-19T16:53:24","date_gmt":"2017-06-19T08:53:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/?p=2342"},"modified":"2024-11-15T16:51:17","modified_gmt":"2024-11-15T08:51:17","slug":"crontab%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/jishu\/linux\/crontab%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3\/","title":{"rendered":"crontab\u8be6\u89e3"},"content":{"rendered":"
\u6587\u7ae0\u6765\u81ea\u7f51\u7edc\u535a\u5ba2\uff0c\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1ahttps:\/\/blog.sina.com.cn\/s\/blog_6d1b3b900102x6tm.html<\/a><\/pre>\n
crond<\/b><\/strong>  \u5b89\u88c5<\/b><\/strong><\/h2>\n
 <\/p>\n
\u5b89\u88c5crontab\uff1a<\/p>\n
yum\u00a0install\u00a0crontabs<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
 cat \/etc\/<\/b><\/strong>crontab\u00a0\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/b><\/strong><\/h2>\n
 <\/p>\n
SHELL=\/bin\/bash<\/p>\n
PATH=\/sbin:\/bin:\/usr\/sbin:\/usr\/bin<\/p>\n
MAILTO=root<\/p>\n
HOME=\/<\/p>\n
# .\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014- minute (0 \u2013 59)<\/p>\n
# | .\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014- hour (0 \u2013 23)<\/p>\n
# | | .\u2014\u2014\u2014- day of month (1 \u2013 31)<\/p>\n
# | | | .\u2014\u2014- month (1 \u2013 12) OR jan,feb,mar,apr \u2026<\/p>\n
# | | | | .\u2014- day of week (0 \u2013 6) (Sunday=0 or 7) OR<\/p>\n
#sun,mon,tue,wed,thu,fri,sat<\/p>\n
# | | | | |<\/p>\n
# m h dom mon dow command<\/p>\n
# * * * * * command will be executed<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
========================================================
\n*\u3000\u3000*\u3000\u3000*\u3000\u3000*\u3000\u3000*\u3000\u3000command
\n\u5206\u3000\u65f6\u3000\u00a0\u00a0 \u65e5\u3000\u6708\u3000 \u661f
\n\u5206\uff1a \u8868\u793a\u5206\u949f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4ece0\u523059\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u6574\u6570\u3002
\n\u65f6\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4ece0\u523023\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u6574\u6570\u3002
\n\u65e5\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u65e5\u671f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4ece1\u523031\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u6574\u6570\u3002
\n\u6708\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u6708\u4efd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4ece1\u523012\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u6574\u6570\u3002
\n\u661f\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u661f\u671f\u51e0\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4ece0\u52307\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u76840\u62167\u4ee3\u8868\u661f\u671f\u65e5\u3002
\ncommand\uff1a\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5404\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\uff1a
\n\u661f\u53f7\uff08*\uff09\uff1a\u4ee3\u8868\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982month\u5b57\u6bb5\u5982\u679c\u662f\u661f\u53f7\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u793a\u5728\u6ee1\u8db3\u5176\u5b83\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u5236\u7ea6\u6761\u4ef6\u540e\u6bcf\u6708\u90fd\u6267\u884c\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002
\n\u9017\u53f7\uff08,\uff09\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u9017\u53f7\u9694\u5f00\u7684\u503c\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u201c1,2,5,7,8,9\u201d
\n\u4e2d\u6760\uff08-\uff09\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6574\u6570\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e2d\u6760\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u201c2-6\u201d\u8868\u793a\u201c2,3,4,5,6\u201d
\n\u6b63\u659c\u7ebf\uff08\/\uff09\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6b63\u659c\u7ebf\u6307\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u95f4\u9694\u9891\u7387\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u201c0-23\/2\u201d\u8868\u793a\u6bcf\u4e24\u5c0f\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u6b63\u659c\u7ebf\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u661f\u53f7\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982*\/10\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7528\u5728minute\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u6bcf\u5341\u5206\u949f\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u3002
\n\u5e38\u7528\u5b9a\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4:<\/p>\n
\u6bcf1\u5206\u949f\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21command\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0* * * * * command<\/p>\n
\u6bcf\u5929\u65e9\u4e0a\u516d\u70b9\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21~\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a00 6 * * * command<\/p>\n
\u6bcf\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21~\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0 *\/2 * * * command<\/p>\n
\u665a\u4e0a11\u70b9\u5230\u65e9\u4e0a\u516b\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u6bcf\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u548c\u6bcf\u516b\u5c0f\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21<\/p>\n
0 23-7\/2,8\u00a0 * * * command<\/p>\n
\u6bcf\u670812\u53f7\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u661f\u671f\u4e8c\u5230\u661f\u671f\u4e94\u4e0a\u53489\u70b9\u6267\u884c\u00a0\u00a0 0 9 12 * 2-5\u00a0 command<\/p>\n
========================================================<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
 crontab<\/b><\/strong>  \u6587\u4ef6<\/b><\/strong><\/h2>\n
 <\/p>\n
\/etc\/cron.deny<\/p>\n
\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6240\u5217\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528crontab\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
\/etc\/cron.allow<\/p>\n
\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6240\u5217\u7528\u6237\u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528crontab\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
\/var\/spool\/cron\/<\/p>\n
\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237crontab\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u653e\u7684\u76ee\u5f55,\u4ee5\u7528\u6237\u540d\u547d\u540d<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
tail\u00a0-n \u00a0100\u00a0\/var\/log\/cron<\/p>\n
\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
 crond \u5f00\u673a\u542f\u52a8<\/b><\/strong>\uff0c\u5173\u95ed\uff0c\u91cd\u542f<\/b><\/strong><\/h2>\n
 <\/p>\n
crond \u542f\u52a8\/\u5173\u95ed\u811a\u672c<\/p>\n
\/etc\/init.d\/crond help<\/p>\n
Usage: \/etc\/init.d\/crond {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload}<\/p>\n
crond \u52a0\u5165\u5230\u5f00\u673a\u542f\u52a8<\/p>\n
chkconfig crond on<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
\u52a0\u5165\u5f00\u673a\u81ea\u52a8\u542f\u52a8\uff1a<\/p>\n
chkconfig\u00a0\u2013level\u00a035\u00a0crond\u00a0on<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
\u67e5\u770bcrontab\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u5f00\u673a\u542f\u52a8\uff1a<\/p>\n
ntsysv<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
\u7528\u6765\u8bbe\u5b9a\u67d0\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7684crontab\u670d\u52a1:crontab -u
\n\u5728\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\u7684crontab\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u7ed9\u786e\u8ba4\u63d0\u793a:crontab -i
\n\u5217\u51fa\u8be5\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\uff1acrontab -l
\n\u7f16\u8f91\u8be5\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\uff1acrontab -e
\n\u5220\u9664\u8be5\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\uff1acrontab -r<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
service\u00a0crond\u00a0status\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\/\/\u67e5\u770bcrontab\u670d\u52a1\u72b6\u6001<\/p>\n
service\u00a0crond\u00a0start\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\/\/\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n
service\u00a0crond\u00a0stop\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\/\/\u5173\u95ed\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n
service\u00a0crond\u00a0restart\u00a0\u00a0\/\/\u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n
service\u00a0crond\u00a0reload\u00a0\/\/\u91cd\u65b0\u8f7d\u5165\u914d\u7f6e\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\uff01\uff01\u614e\u7528<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
 crontab\u7f16\u8f91 \u00a0<\/b><\/strong><\/h2>\n
 <\/p>\n
crontab -e<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
Ctrl + O \uff08\u5199\u5165\uff09\u2014\u2014\u300b Enter\u952e\uff08\u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff09\u2014\u2014\u300b Ctrl + X\uff08\u9000\u51fa\uff09<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
\u8f93\u5165\u67e5\u770b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n
crontab -l<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5427\u811a\u672c\u653e\u5728\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n
\/etc\/cron.hourly\/<\/p>\n
\/etc\/cron.daily\/<\/p>\n
\/etc\/cron.monthly\/<\/p>\n
\/etc\/cron.weekly\/<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
 crontab \u5e38\u89c1\u9519\u8bef<\/a><\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
1.crontab\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
\u6392\u67e5\u539f\u56e0\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u5426\u5f00\u542f\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u8ba1\u5212\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u53ea\u6709root\u7528\u6237\u624d\u80fd\u5bf9crond\u670d\u52a1\u8fdb\u884c\u5f00\u542f\u548c\u5173\u95ed<\/p>\n
[root@mimvp-bj script]# service crond status<\/p>\n
crond is stopped<\/p>\n
[root@mimvp-bj script]# service crond start<\/p>\n
Starting crond: [ OK ]<\/p>\n
[root@mimvp-bj script]# service crond status<\/p>\n
crond (pid 24577) is running\u2026<\/p>\n
\u8bf7\u786e\u4fddcrond\u72b6\u6001\u4e3a is running\u2026 \u5982\u679ccrond\u72b6\u6001\u4e3a crond is stopped \uff0c\u5219\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u670d\u52a1\u4e0d\u4f1a\u751f\u6548\u6545\u65e0\u6cd5\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u6211\u9047\u5230\u7684crontab\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0.<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
2.\u5982\u679c\u9047\u5230shell\u8bed\u6cd5\u9519\u8bef<\/p>\n
Syntax error: “(” unexpected<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
3.\u5982\u679c\u9047\u5230\u8def\u5f84\u9519\u8bef<\/p>\n
\u5728 \/var\/spool\/crontab\/username\u00a0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5728\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6 \/var\/spool\/mail\/username\u00a0\u4e2d\u63d0\u793a\u627e\u4e0d\u5230 xxx.sh \u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f60\u5728crontab\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u6267\u884c\u811a\u672c \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u811a\u672c\u4e5f\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u88abcrontab\u627e\u5230\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
4.\u5176\u4ed6\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/p>\n