{"id":2225,"date":"2017-05-17T12:08:31","date_gmt":"2017-05-17T04:08:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/?p=2225"},"modified":"2025-01-07T19:50:42","modified_gmt":"2025-01-07T11:50:42","slug":"python%e8%bf%9b%e9%98%b604-%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b0%e7%9a%84%e5%8f%82%e6%95%b0%e5%af%b9%e5%ba%94","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/jishu\/python\/python%e8%bf%9b%e9%98%b604-%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b0%e7%9a%84%e5%8f%82%e6%95%b0%e5%af%b9%e5%ba%94\/","title":{"rendered":"Python\u8fdb\u963604 \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5bf9\u5e94"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u63a5\u89e6\u8fc7\u51fd\u6570(function)\u7684\u53c2\u6570(arguments)\u4f20\u9012\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u6839\u636e\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f20\u9012\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u63a5\u89e6\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56de\u5fc6\u4e00\u4e0b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4f20\u9012\uff1a<\/p>\n

\n
def f(a,b,c):\n    return a+b+c\n\nprint(f(1,2,3))<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u5728\u8c03\u7528f\u65f6\uff0c1\uff0c2\uff0c3\u6839\u636e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5206\u522b\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u4e86a,b,c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u4f20\u9012<\/h3>\n
\u6709\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7528\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4f20\u9012\u4f1a\u611f\u89c9\u6bd4\u8f83\u6b7b\u677f\u3002\u5173\u952e\u5b57(keyword)\u4f20\u9012\u662f\u6839\u636e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u4f20\u9012\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5e76\u4e0d\u7528\u9075\u5b88\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4f9d\u7136\u6cbf\u7528\u4e0a\u9762f\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u66f4\u6539\u8c03\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n
\n
print(f(c=3,b=2,a=1))<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u4f20\u9012\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4f20\u9012\u6df7\u7528\u3002\u4f46\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u8981\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53c2\u6570\u4e4b\u524d\uff1a<\/p>\n
\n
print(f(1,c=3,b=2))<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u53c2\u6570\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c<\/h3>\n
\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5f62\u5982a=19\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u53c2\u6570\u8d4b\u4e88\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c(default)\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u53c2\u6570\u6700\u7ec8\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u4f20\u9012\u503c\uff0c\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
\n
def f(a,b,c=10):\n    return a+b+c\n\nprint(f(3,2))\nprint(f(3,2,1))<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570f\u65f6\uff0c \u6211\u4eec\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u503c\uff0cc\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u8d4b\u503c\uff0cc\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c10.<\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0cc\u88ab\u8d4b\u503c\u4e3a1\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5305\u88f9\u4f20\u9012<\/h3>\n
\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u5e76\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u4f20\u9012\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5305\u88f9(packing)\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5305\u88f9\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\uff0c\u4f1a\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u5305\u88f9\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n
\n
def func(*name):\n    print type(name)\n    print name\n\nfunc(1,4,6)\nfunc(5,6,7,1,2,3)<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u4e24\u6b21\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u53c2\u6570\u4e2a\u6570\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u90fd\u57fa\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2afunc\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u5728func\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u88abname\u6536\u96c6\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5408\u5e76\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7ec4(tuple)\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u5305\u88f9\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4f20\u9012\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9192Python\u53c2\u6570\uff0cname\u662f\u5305\u88f9\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4f20\u9012\u6240\u7528\u7684\u5143\u7ec4\u540d\uff0c\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49func\u65f6\uff0c\u5728name\u524d\u52a0*\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u5305\u88f9\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n
\n
def func(**dict):\n    print type(dict)\n    print dict\n\nfunc(a=1,b=9)\nfunc(m=2,n=1,c=11)<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u4e0e\u4e0a\u9762\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0cdict\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u6536\u96c6\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff0c\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u51fd\u6570func\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9192Python\uff0c\u53c2\u6570dict\u662f\u5305\u88f9\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u4f20\u9012\u6240\u7528\u7684\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u5728dict\u524d\u52a0**\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5305\u88f9\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u76f8\u5e94\u5143\u7ec4\u6216\u5b57\u5178\u524d\u52a0*\u6216**\u3002<\/p>\n
\u89e3\u5305\u88f9<\/h3>\n
*\u548c**\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5373\u89e3\u5305\u88f9(unpacking), \u4e0b\u9762\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
\n
def func(a,b,c):\n    print a,b,c\n\nargs = (1,3,4)\nfunc(*args)<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u89e3\u5305\u88f9\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u4f20\u9012tuple\u65f6\uff0c\u8ba9tuple\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u5728\u8c03\u7528func\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528*\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9192Python\uff1a\u6211\u60f3\u8981\u628aargs\u62c6\u6210\u5206\u6563\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9a,b,c\u3002\uff08\u8bbe\u60f3\u4e00\u4e0b\u5728\u8c03\u7528func\u65f6\uff0cargs\u524d\u9762\u6ca1\u6709*\u4f1a\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u540e\u679c\uff1f\uff09<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u5bf9\u8bcd\u5178\u7684\u89e3\u5305\u88f9\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684func\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u7136\u540e\uff1a<\/p>\n
\n
dict = {'a':1,'b':2,'c':3}\nfunc(**dict)<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u5728\u4f20\u9012\u8bcd\u5178dict\u65f6\uff0c\u8ba9\u8bcd\u5178\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9func\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6df7\u5408<\/h3>\n
\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u6216\u8005\u8c03\u7528\u53c2\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u4f20\u9012\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6df7\u5408\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8981\u5c0f\u5fc3\u524d\u540e\u987a\u5e8f\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5219\u662f\uff0c\u5148\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u518d\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff0c\u518d\u5305\u88f9\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u518d\u5305\u88f9\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6839\u636e\u4e0a\u9762\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u539f\u7406\u7ec6\u7ec6\u5206\u8fa8\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\u5b9a\u4e49\u65f6\u548c\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\u7684\u533a\u5206\u3002\u5305\u88f9\u548c\u89e3\u5305\u88f9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u76f8\u53cd\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u76f8\u5bf9\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n
\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff0c<\/p>\n
\u5305\u88f9\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5305\u88f9\u5173\u952e\u5b57<\/p>\n
\u89e3\u5305\u88f9<\/p>\n
\u6587\u7ae0\u6765\u81ea\u7f51\u7edc\u535a\u5ba2,\u4f5c\u8005\uff1aVamei \u51fa\u5904\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.cnblogs.com\/vamei<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u63a5\u89e6\u8fc7\u51fd\u6570(function)\u7684\u53c2\u6570(arguments)\u4f20\u9012\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u6839\u636e\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f20\u9012\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u6211\u4eec … \u9605\u8bfb\u66f4\u591a<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[654],"tags":[665],"class_list":["post-2225","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-python","tag-python"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2225","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2225"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2225\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9147,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2225\/revisions\/9147"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2225"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2225"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2225"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}