{"id":2020,"date":"2017-03-29T08:40:16","date_gmt":"2017-03-29T00:40:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/?p=2020"},"modified":"2017-03-29T08:40:16","modified_gmt":"2017-03-29T00:40:16","slug":"25%e4%b8%aalinux-%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e5%b0%8f%e8%b4%b4%e5%a3%ab","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/jishu\/fuwuqi\/25%e4%b8%aalinux-%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e5%b0%8f%e8%b4%b4%e5%a3%ab\/","title":{"rendered":"25\u4e2aLinux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u5c0f\u8d34\u58eb"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a Linux \u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u5927\u4f53\u662f\u8ba4\u53ef\u7684 (\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2a\u6709\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u8bdd\u9898)\u3002Linux\u9ed8\u8ba4\u786e\u5b9e\u6709\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u6253\u5f00\u5b83\u5e76\u4e14\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u5236\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u624d\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002Linux\u66f4\u96be\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u76f8\u5e94\u4e5f\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u514d\u4e8e\u9a87\u5ba2\u548c\u9ed1\u5ba2\u7684\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u6311\u6218\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u5982\u4f55\u8ba9Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u201d \u6216\u8005 \u201c\u52a0\u56faLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u201c\u4e4b\u7c7b\u8bdd\u9898\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd 25\u4e2a\u6709\u7528\u7684\u6280\u5de7\u548c\u7a8d\u95e8 \uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u8ba9Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u52a0\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u5de7\u548c\u7a8d\u95e8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u52a0\u5f3a\u4f60\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n

1. \u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u914d\u7f6eBIOS\uff0c\u7981\u7528\u4eceCD\/DVD\u3001\u5916\u90e8\u8bbe\u5907\u3001\u8f6f\u9a71\u542f\u52a8\u3002\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u542f\u7528BIOS\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u542f\u7528GRUB\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7269\u7406\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2. \u78c1\u76d8\u5206\u533a<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5206\u533a\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53ef\u80fd\u5f97\u707e\u96be\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5212\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5206\u533a\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7ec4\u5e76\u9694\u79bb\u5f00\u6765\u3002\u5f53\u610f\u5916\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5206\u533a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u624d\u4f1a\u88ab\u7834\u574f\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5206\u533a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u7559\u4e0b\u6765\u3002\u4f60\u6700\u597d\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u5206\u533a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6700\u597d\u5b89\u88c5\u5728\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\/opt\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
1<\/code><\/td>\n\/<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
2<\/code><\/td>\n\/boot<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
3<\/code><\/td>\n\/usr<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
4<\/code><\/td>\n\/var<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
5<\/code><\/td>\n\/home<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
6<\/code><\/td>\n\/tmp<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
7<\/code><\/td>\n\/opt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

3. \u6700\u5c0f\u5305\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u6700\u5c11\u6f0f\u6d1e<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4f60\u771f\u7684\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u6240\u6709\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u4e48\uff1f\u5efa\u8bae\u4e0d\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u65e0\u7528\u7684\u5305\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u7531\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5305\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002\u8fd9\u5c06\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5371\u5bb3\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u627e\u5230\u5e76\u53bb\u9664\u6216\u8005\u505c\u6b62\u4e0d\u7528\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u628a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6f0f\u6d1e\u51cf\u5c11\u5230\u6700\u5c0f\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u2018chkconfig\u2018\u547d\u4ee4\u5217\u51fa\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b3\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u6240\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
1<\/code><\/td>\n# \/sbin\/chkconfig --list |grep '3:on'<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u5f53\u4f60\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u505c\u6b62\u8fd9\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
1<\/code><\/td>\n# chkconfig serviceName off<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u4f7f\u7528RPM\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982YUM\u6216\u8005apt-get \u5de5\u5177\u6765\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u5305\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5229\u7528\u4e0b\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5378\u8f7d\u4ed6\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
1<\/code><\/td>\n# yum -y remove package-name<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
1<\/code><\/td>\n# sudo apt-get remove package-name<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

5 chkconfig Command Examples<\/p>\n

20 Practical Examples of RPM Commands<\/p>\n

20 Linux YUM Commands for Linux Package Management<\/p>\n

25 APT-GET and APT-CACHE Commands to Manage Package Management<\/p>\n

4. \u68c0\u67e5\u7f51\u7edc\u76d1\u542c\u7aef\u53e3<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u547d\u4ee4 \u2018netstat\u2018 \u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f60\u5c06\u80fd\u591f\u770b\u5230\u6240\u6709\u5f00\u542f\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u6211\u4e0a\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684 \u2018chkconfig\u2018 \u547d\u4ee4\u5173\u95ed\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4e0d\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
1<\/code><\/td>\n# netstat -tulpn<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

5. \u4f7f\u7528 SSH\uff08Secure Shell\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

Telnet \u548c rlogin \u534f\u8bae\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u7eaf\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u6216\u5c06\u5bfc\u81f4\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u3002SSH \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u901a\u8baf\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u52a0\u5bc6\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9664\u975e\u5fc5\u8981\uff0c\u6c38\u8fdc\u90fd\u4e0d\u8981\u76f4\u63a5\u767b\u5f55 root \u8d26\u6237\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 \u201csudo\u201d \u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u3002sudo \u7531 \/etc\/sudoers \u6587\u4ef6\u5236\u5b9a\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 \u201cvisudo\u201d \u5de5\u5177\u7f16\u8f91\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u901a\u8fc7 VI \u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u6253\u5f00\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5c06\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684 SSH 22 \u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u6539\u4e3a\u5176\u4ed6\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u3002\u6253\u5f00\u4e3b\u8981\u7684 SSH \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u505a\u5982\u4e0b\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
1<\/code><\/td>\n# vi \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u5173\u95ed root \u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
1<\/code><\/td>\nPermitRootLogin no<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u7279\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u901a\u8fc7<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
1<\/code><\/td>\nAllowUsers username<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7248 SSH \u534f\u8bae<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
1<\/code><\/td>\nProtocol 2<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

6. \u4fdd\u8bc1\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u6700\u65b0\u7684<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5f97\u4e00\u76f4\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7cfb\u7edf\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u7684\u8865\u4e01\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u4fee\u590d\u548c\u53ef\u7528\u5185\u6838\u3002<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
1<\/code><\/td>\n# yum updates<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
2<\/code><\/td>\n# yum check-update<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

7. \u9501\u5b9a Cron\u4efb\u52a1<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cron\u6709\u5b83\u81ea\u5df1\u5185\u5efa\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u7279\u6027\u5141\u8bb8\u5b9a\u4e49\u54ea\u4e9b\u4eba\u80fd\u54ea\u4e9b\u4eba\u4e0d\u80fd\u8dd1\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\/etc\/cron.allow \u548c \/etc\/cron.deny \u63a7\u5236\u7684\u3002\u8981\u9501\u5b9a\u5728\u7528Cron\u7684\u7528\u6237\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5c06\u5176\u540d\u5b57\u5199\u5230corn.deny\u91cc\uff0c\u800c\u8981\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u8dd1cron\u65f6\u5c06\u5176\u540d\u5b57\u52a0\u5230cron.allow\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u8981\u7981\u6b62\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528corn\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u201cALL\u201d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u884c\u52a0\u5230cron.deny\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
1<\/code><\/td>\n# echo ALL >>\/etc\/cron.deny<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

8. \u7981\u6b62USB\u63a2\u6d4b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5f88\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u53bb\u9650\u5236\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528USB\uff0c\u6765\u4fdd\u969c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6cc4\u9732\u3002\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u2018\/etc\/modprobe.d\/no-usb\u2018\u5e76\u4e14\u5229\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u7981\u6b62\u63a2\u6d4bUSB\u5b58\u50a8\u3002<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
1<\/code><\/td>\ninstall<\/code> usb-storage <\/code>\/bin\/true<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

9.\u6253\u5f00SELinux<\/strong><\/p>\n

SELinux(\u5b89\u5168\u589e\u5f3alinux)\u662flinux\u5185\u6838\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5236\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\u3002\u7981\u7528SELinux\u610f\u5473\u7740\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e22\u6389\u4e86\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\u3002\u8981\u53bb\u9664SELinux\u4e4b\u524d\u4ed4\u7ec6\u8003\u8651\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u8981\u53d1\u5e03\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8981\u5728\u516c\u7f51\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u8981\u66f4\u52a0\u6ce8\u610f\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n

SELinux \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884c\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u542f\u7528\u548c\u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884cSELinux\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8bb8\u53ef\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u8fd9\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0bSELinux\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u7565\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u8b66\u544a\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u5728SELinux\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6545\u969c\u6392\u9664\u65f6\u5019\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5173\u95ed\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1aSELinux\u88ab\u5173\u95ed\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u2018system-config-selinux\u2018, \u2018getenforce\u2018 or \u2018sestatus\u2018\u6765\u6d4f\u89c8\u5f53\u524d\u7684SEliux\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
1<\/code><\/td>\n# sestatus<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5173\u95ed\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5f00\u542fSELinux<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
1<\/code><\/td>\n# setenforce enforcing<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u2018\/etc\/selinux\/config\u2018\u6765\u8fdb\u884cSELinux\u7684\u5f00\u5173\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

10. \u79fb\u9664KDE\u6216GNOME\u684c\u9762<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6ca1\u5fc5\u8981\u5728\u4e13\u7528\u7684LAMP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884cX Window\u684c\u9762\u6bd4\u5982KDE\u548cGNOME\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u79fb\u6389\u6216\u5173\u95ed\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u6253\u5f00\/etc\/inittab\u7136\u540e\u5c06run level\u6539\u62103\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5173\u95ed\u8fd9\u4e9b\u684c\u9762\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5c06\u5b83\u5f7b\u5e95\u7684\u4ece\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u79fb\u8d70\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
1<\/code><\/td>\n# yum groupremove \"X Window System\"<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

11. \u5173\u95edIPv6<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u7528IPv6\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u5e94\u8be5\u5173\u95ed\u6389\u5b83\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u548c\u7b56\u7565\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7528\u5230IPv6\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5f53\u524d\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u5982\u4e0b\u51e0\u884c\u6765\u5173\u6389\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
1<\/code><\/td>\n# vi \/etc\/sysconfig\/network<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
2<\/code><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
3<\/code><\/td>\nNETWORKING_IPV6=no<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
4<\/code><\/td>\nIPV6INIT=no<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

12. \u9650\u5236\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u65e7\u5bc6\u7801<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0d\u5e0c\u671b\u7528\u6237\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528\u8001\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6761\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u3002\u8001\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u4f4d\u4e8e \/etc\/security\/opasswd\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 PAM \u6a21\u5757\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
01<\/code><\/td>\nRHEL \/ CentOS \/ Fedora \u4e2d\u6253\u5f00 \u2018<\/code>\/etc\/pam<\/code>.d<\/code>\/system-auth<\/code>\u2018 \u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
02<\/code><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
03<\/code><\/td>\n# vi \/etc\/pam.d\/system-auth<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
04<\/code><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
05<\/code><\/td>\nUbuntu<\/code>\/Debian\/Linux<\/code> Mint \u4e2d\u6253\u5f00 \u2018<\/code>\/etc\/pam<\/code>.d<\/code>\/common-password<\/code>\u2018 \u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
06<\/code><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
07<\/code><\/td>\n# vi \/etc\/pam.d\/common-password<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
08<\/code><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
09<\/code><\/td>\n\u5728 \u2018auth\u2018 \u5757\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e0b\u9762\u4e00\u884c\u3002<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
10<\/code><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
11<\/code><\/td>\nauth\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sufficient\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 pam_unix.so likeauth nullok<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
12<\/code><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
13<\/code><\/td>\n\u5728 \u2018password\u2018 \u5757\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e0b\u9762\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u7528\u6237\u91cd\u65b0\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u8fc7\u53bb\u6700\u540e\u7528\u8fc7\u7684 5\u4e2a\u5bc6\u7801\u3002<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
14<\/code><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
15<\/code><\/td>\npassword\u00a0\u00a0 sufficient\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 pam_unix.so nullok use_authtok md5 shadow remember=5<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ea\u8bb0\u5f55\u6700\u540e\u7684 5 \u4e2a\u5bc6\u7801\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u8bd5\u56fe\u4f7f\u7528\u66fe\u7528\u7684\u6700\u540e 5\u4e2a\u8001\u5bc6\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u4f60\u5c06\u770b\u5230\u5982\u4e0b\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u63d0\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n

Password has been already used. Choose another.<\/p>\n

13. \u5982\u4f55\u68c0\u67e5\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u8fc7\u671f\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5728 Linux \u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u4ee5\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728 \u2018\/etc\/shadow\u2018 \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002\u8981\u68c0\u67e5\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u662f\u5426\u8fc7\u671f\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 \u2018chage\u2018 \u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u5b83\u5c06\u663e\u793a\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4fee\u6539\u65e5\u671f\u53ca\u5bc6\u7801\u671f\u9650\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec6\u8282\u5c31\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u51b3\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u5fc5\u987b\u4fee\u6539\u5176\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u4f9d\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u4efb\u4e00\u5b58\u5728\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8001\u5316\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982 \u8fc7\u671f\u65e5 \u548c \u65f6\u957f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
1<\/code><\/td>\n#chage -l username<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u4efb\u4e00\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u8001\u5316\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
1<\/code><\/td>\n#chage -M 60 username<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
2<\/code><\/td>\n#chage -M 60 -m 7 -W 7 userName<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
3<\/code><\/td>\n\u53c2\u6570<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
4<\/code><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
5<\/code><\/td>\n-M \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5929\u6570\u6700\u5927\u6570\u5b57<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
6<\/code><\/td>\n-m \u8bbe\u5b9a\u5929\u6570\u6700\u5c0f\u6570\u5b57<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
7<\/code><\/td>\n-W \u8bbe\u5b9a\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u5929\u6570<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

14. \u624b\u52a8\u9501\u5b9a\u6216\u89e3\u9501\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u53f7<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u9501\u5b9a\u548c\u89e3\u9501\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u9501\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d26\u53f7\u4e00\u5468\u6216\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8d26\u53f7\u4ece\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5254\u9664\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u9501\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
1<\/code><\/td>\n# passwd -l accountName<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u63d0\u793a\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u88ab\u9501\u5b9a\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4ec5\u5bf9root\u7528\u6237\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u89c1\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9501\u5b9a\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u52a0\u5bc6\u8fc7\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u66ff\u6362\u6210\uff08\uff01\uff09\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e2a\u60f3\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8d26\u53f7\u6765\u8fdb\u5165\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4ed6\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u63d0\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
1<\/code><\/td>\n# su - accountName<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
2<\/code><\/td>\nThis account is currently not available.<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
3<\/code><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
4<\/code><\/td>\n\u89e3\u9501\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u9501\u5b9a\u7684\u8d26\u53f7\u65f6\uff0c\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u8fd9\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5c06\u88ab\u66ff\u6362\u6210\uff08\uff01\uff09\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u6539\u56de\u6765\u3002<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
5<\/code><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
6<\/code><\/td>\n# passwd -u accountName<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

15. \u589e\u5f3a\u5bc6\u7801<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u5f88\u5f31\u667a\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5b57\u5178\u653b\u51fb\u6216\u8005\u66b4\u529b\u653b\u51fb\u653b\u7834\u3002\u2018pam_cracklib\u2018\u6a21\u5757\u5b58\u4e8e\u5728PAM \u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f3a\u5236\u7528\u6237\u8bbe\u7f6e\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u6253\u5f00\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
1<\/code><\/td>\n# vi \/etc\/pam.d\/system-auth<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8ba4\u8bc1\u53c2\u6570(lcredit, ucredit, dcredit \u6216\u8005 ocredit \u5bf9\u5e94\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u3001\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u6570\u5b57\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5b57\u7b26)<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
1<\/code><\/td>\n\/lib\/security\/<\/code>$ISA<\/code>\/pam_cracklib<\/code>.so retry=3 minlen=8 lcredit=-1 ucredit=-2 dcredit=-2 ocredit=-1<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

16. \u542f\u7528Iptable\uff08\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u9ad8\u5ea6\u63a8\u8350\u542f\u7528linux\u9632\u706b\u5899\u6765\u7981\u6b62\u975e\u6cd5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u4f7f\u7528iptable\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5165\u7ad9\u3001\u51fa\u7ad9\u548c\u8f6c\u53d1\u7684\u5305\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u9488\u5bf9\u6765\u6e90\u548c\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u8fdb\u884c\u7279\u5b9audp\/tcp\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u51c6\u8bb8\u548c\u62d2\u7edd\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

17. \u7981\u6b62Ctrl+Alt+Delete\u91cd\u542f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684linux\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e2d\uff0c\u6309\u4e0b\u2018CTRL-ALT-DELETE\u2019\u5c06\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4f60\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cd\u542f\u3002\u53ea\u8bf4\u751f\u4ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u8bef\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002
\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u914d\u7f6e\u662f\u5728\u2018 \/etc\/inittab\u2018\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6253\u5f00\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4e0b\u9762\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u6bb5\u843d\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u884c\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u6ce8\u91ca\u6389\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u6ce8\u91ca\u6389\u4ed6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u6309\u952e\u4f1a\u8ba9\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cd\u542f\u3002<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
1<\/code><\/td>\n# Trap CTRL-ALT-DELETE<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
2<\/code><\/td>\n#ca::ctrlaltdel:\/sbin\/shutdown -t3 -r now<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

18. \u68c0\u67e5\u7a7a\u5bc6\u7801\u5e10\u53f7<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4efb\u4f55\u7a7a\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u8d26\u6237\u610f\u5473\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9Web\u4e0a\u4efb\u4f55\u65e0\u6388\u6743\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u8fd9\u662flinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7528\u6237\u62e5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7279\u6743\u7528\u6237\u3002\u7a7a\u5bc6\u7801\u5e10\u53f7\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8f7b\u6613\u7684\u653b\u514b\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7a7a\u5bc6\u7801\u8d26\u6237\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
1<\/code><\/td>\n# cat \/etc\/shadow | awk -F: '($2==\"\"){print $1}'<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

19. \u767b\u5f55\u524d\u663e\u793aSSH\u63d0\u793a<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5728ssh\u8ba4\u8bc1\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6cd5\u5f8b\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u8b66\u793a\u662f\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u3002\u5173\u4e8eSSH\u8b66\u793a\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u3002<\/p>\n

Display SSH Warning Message to Users<\/a><\/p>\n

20. \u76d1\u89c6\u7528\u6237\u884c\u4e3a<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u53bb\u6536\u96c6\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u548c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u540e\u548c\u4e00\u4e9b\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u7528\u6237\u5206\u6790\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u76d1\u89c6\u548c\u641c\u96c6\u7528\u6237\u884c\u4e3a\u4fe1\u606f\u5462 \uff1f<\/p>\n

\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u2018psacct\u2018 \u548c \u2018acct\u2018\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u76d1\u89c6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7528\u6237\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u540e\u53f0\u6267\u884c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u65ad\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u5404\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u6bd4\u5982Apache, MySQL, SSH, FTP, \u7b49\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u3002\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8bf7\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u7f51\u5740\uff1a<\/p>\n

Monitor User Activity with psacct or acct Commands<\/a><\/p>\n

21. \u5b9a\u671f\u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5fd7<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5c06\u65e5\u5fd7\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u4e13\u7528\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u91cc\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5165\u4fb5\u8005\u8f7b\u6613\u7684\u6539\u52a8\u672c\u5730\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u5e38\u89c1linux\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u53ca\u5176\u7528\u5904\uff1a<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
01<\/code><\/td>\n\/var\/log\/message<\/code> \u2013 \u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u6216\u5f53\u524d\u6d3b\u52a8\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
02<\/code><\/td>\n\/var\/log\/auth<\/code>.log \u2013 \u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
03<\/code><\/td>\n\/var\/log\/kern<\/code>.log \u2013 \u5185\u6838\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
04<\/code><\/td>\n\/var\/log\/cron<\/code>.log \u2013 Crond \u65e5\u5fd7 (<\/code>cron<\/code> \u4efb\u52a1).<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
05<\/code><\/td>\n\/var\/log\/maillog<\/code> \u2013 \u90ae\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
06<\/code><\/td>\n\/var\/log\/boot<\/code>.log \u2013 \u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
07<\/code><\/td>\n\/var\/log\/mysqld<\/code>.log \u2013 MySQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
08<\/code><\/td>\n\/var\/log\/secure<\/code> \u2013 \u8ba4\u8bc1\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
09<\/code><\/td>\n\/var\/log\/utmp<\/code> or <\/code>\/var\/log\/wtmp<\/code> :\u767b\u5f55\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
10<\/code><\/td>\n\/var\/log\/yum<\/code>.log: Yum \u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

22. \u91cd\u8981\u6587\u4ef6\u5907\u4efd<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u91cc\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u707e\u96be\u6062\u590d\uff0c\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u5c06\u91cd\u8981\u6587\u4ef6\u5907\u4efd\u5e76\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0b\u78c1\u5e26\u4fdd\u9669\u5e93\u3001\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7ad9\u70b9\u6216\u5f02\u5730\u786c\u76d8\u3002<\/p>\n

23. NIC \u7ed1\u5b9a<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684NIC\u7ed1\u5b9a\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7ed1\u5b9a\u63a5\u53e3\u7528\u5f97\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n

mode=0 \u2013 \u5faa\u73af\u8d5b\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n

mode=1 \u2013 \u6fc0\u6d3b\u548c\u5907\u4efd\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n

NIC\u7ed1\u5b9a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u907f\u514d\u5355\u70b9\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u5728NIC\u7ed1\u5b9a\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u8005\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7f51\u5361\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u8bbe\u7f6eip\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f1a\u8bdd\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u5728\u4e00\u4e2aNIC\u5361down\u6389\u6216\u8005\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u539f\u56e0\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5c06\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u53ef\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

24. \u4fdd\u6301 \/boot \u53ea\u8bfb<\/strong><\/p>\n

linux\u5185\u6838\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\/boot\u76ee\u4e0b\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u5199\u7684\u3002\u628a\u5b83\u8bbe\u4e3a\u4e86\u53ea\u8bfb\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u4e00\u4e9b\u7531\u4e8e\u975e\u6cd5\u4fee\u6539\u91cd\u8981boot\u6587\u4ef6\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
1<\/code><\/td>\n# vi \/etc\/fstab<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u6700\u540e\u589e\u52a0\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4fdd\u5b58<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
1<\/code><\/td>\nLABEL=<\/code>\/boot<\/code>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \/boot<\/code>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ext2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 defaults,ro\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1 2<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4eca\u540e\u9700\u8981\u5347\u7ea7\u5185\u6838\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u56de\u5230\u8bfb\u5199\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

25.\u4e0d\u9e1fICMP\u548cBroadcast\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5728\/etc\/sysctl.conf\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e0b\u9762\u51e0\u884c\uff0c\u5c4f\u853d\u6389ping\u548cbroadcast\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
1<\/code><\/td>\nIgnore ICMP request:<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
2<\/code><\/td>\nnet.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_all = 1<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
3<\/code><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
4<\/code><\/td>\nIgnore Broadcast request:<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
5<\/code><\/td>\nnet.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = 1<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u52a0\u8f7d\u4fee\u6539\u6216\u66f4\u65b0<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
1<\/code><\/td>\n#sysctl -p<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u89c9\u5f97\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5b89\u5168\u5c0f\u8d34\u58eb\u5f88\u597d\u7528\uff0c\u6216\u8fd8\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5176\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u8865\u5145\u8fdb\u53bb\uff0c\u8bf7\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u8bc4\u8bba\u6846\u91cc\u5199\u5199\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u8ffd\u6c42\u8fdb\u6b65\u7684TecMint\u4e00\u5982\u65e2\u5f80\u5730\u613f\u610f\u542c\u5230\u60a8\u7684\u8bc4\u8bba\u3001\u5efa\u8bae\u4ee5\u53ca\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a Linux \u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u5927\u4f53\u662f\u8ba4\u53ef\u7684 (\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2a\u6709\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u8bdd\u9898)\u3002Linux\u9ed8\u8ba4\u786e\u5b9e\u6709\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6a21 … \u9605\u8bfb\u66f4\u591a<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2020","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fuwuqi"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2020","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2020"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2020\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2021,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2020\/revisions\/2021"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2020"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2020"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2020"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}