{"id":1578,"date":"2016-12-27T00:53:11","date_gmt":"2016-12-26T16:53:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/?p=1578"},"modified":"2025-01-13T19:48:04","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T11:48:04","slug":"linux-%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e5%9f%ba%e6%9c%ac%e5%b1%9e%e6%80%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/jishu\/linux-%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e5%9f%ba%e6%9c%ac%e5%b1%9e%e6%80%a7\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux \u6587\u4ef6\u57fa\u672c\u5c5e\u6027"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5178\u578b\u7684\u591a\u7528\u6237\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5904\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0cLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u540c\u4e00\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\u7684\u6743\u9650\u505a\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728Linux\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528ll\u6216\u8005ls \u2013l\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7ec4\uff0c\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> ls <\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">l\ntotal <\/span><span class=\"lit\">64<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\ndr<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">xr<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">xr<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">x   <\/span><span class=\"lit\">2<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> root root <\/span><span class=\"lit\">4096<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">Dec<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">14<\/span>  <span class=\"lit\">2012<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> bin\ndr<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">xr<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">xr<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">x   <\/span><span class=\"lit\">4<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> root root <\/span><span class=\"lit\">4096<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">Apr<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">19<\/span>  <span class=\"lit\">2012<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> boot\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0cbin\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u7528&#8221;d&#8221;\u8868\u793a\u3002&#8221;d&#8221;\u5728Linux\u4e2d\u4ee3\u8868\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728Linux\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4ee3\u8868\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u94fe\u63a5\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5f53\u4e3a[<em class=\"text_import1\"> d<\/em> ]\u5219\u662f\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5f53\u4e3a[<em class=\"text_import1\"> &#8211;<\/em> ]\u5219\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u82e5\u662f[<em class=\"text_import1\"> l<\/em> ]\u5219\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u94fe\u63a5\u6587\u6863(link file)\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u82e5\u662f[<em class=\"text_import1\"> b<\/em> ]\u5219\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u88c5\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u53ef\u4f9b\u50a8\u5b58\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u8bbe\u5907(\u53ef\u968f\u673a\u5b58\u53d6\u88c5\u7f6e)\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u82e5\u662f[<em> c<\/em> ]\u5219\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u88c5\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u4e32\u884c\u7aef\u53e3\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u952e\u76d8\u3001\u9f20\u6807(\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u8bfb\u53d6\u88c5\u7f6e)\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e3a\u4e00\u7ec4\uff0c\u4e14\u5747\u4e3a\u300erwx\u300f \u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c[ r ]\u4ee3\u8868\u53ef\u8bfb(read)\u3001[ w ]\u4ee3\u8868\u53ef\u5199(write)\u3001[ x ]\u4ee3\u8868\u53ef\u6267\u884c(execute)\u3002 \u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u6743\u9650\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u51cf\u53f7[ &#8211; ]\u800c\u5df2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u7531\u5de6\u8fb9\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u768410\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\uff08\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/r-x.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"438\" height=\"192\" src=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/r-x.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9345\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/r-x.png 438w, https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/r-x-300x132.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 438px) 100vw, 438px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ece\u5de6\u81f3\u53f3\u75280-9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u5b57\u6765\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c0\u4f4d\u786e\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u7b2c1-3\u4f4d\u786e\u5b9a\u5c5e\u4e3b\uff08\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8005\uff09\u62e5\u6709\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c4-6\u4f4d\u786e\u5b9a\u5c5e\u7ec4\uff08\u6240\u6709\u8005\u7684\u540c\u7ec4\u7528\u6237\uff09\u62e5\u6709\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u7b2c7-9\u4f4d\u786e\u5b9a\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u62e5\u6709\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u7b2c1\u30014\u30017\u4f4d\u8868\u793a\u8bfb\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7528&#8221;r&#8221;\u5b57\u7b26\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5219\u6709\u8bfb\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7528&#8221;-&#8220;\u5b57\u7b26\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5219\u6ca1\u6709\u8bfb\u6743\u9650\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c2\u30015\u30018\u4f4d\u8868\u793a\u5199\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7528&#8221;w&#8221;\u5b57\u7b26\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5219\u6709\u5199\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7528&#8221;-&#8220;\u5b57\u7b26\u8868\u793a\u6ca1\u6709\u5199\u6743\u9650\uff1b\u7b2c3\u30016\u30019\u4f4d\u8868\u793a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7528&#8221;x&#8221;\u5b57\u7b26\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5219\u6709\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7528&#8221;-&#8220;\u5b57\u7b26\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5219\u6ca1\u6709\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Linux\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u4e3b\u548c\u5c5e\u7ec4<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> ls <\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">l\ntotal <\/span><span class=\"lit\">64<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\ndr<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">xr<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">xr<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">x   <\/span><span class=\"lit\">2<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> root root <\/span><span class=\"lit\">4096<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">Dec<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">14<\/span>  <span class=\"lit\">2012<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> bin\ndr<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">xr<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">xr<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">x   <\/span><span class=\"lit\">4<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> root root <\/span><span class=\"lit\">4096<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">Apr<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">19<\/span>  <span class=\"lit\">2012<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> boot\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8005\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u5177\u6709\u6240\u6709\u6743\u7684\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u662f\u6309\u7ec4\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u7528\u6237\u53c8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\u7684\u540c\u7ec4\u7528\u6237\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u6309\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\u540c\u7ec4\u7528\u6237\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u6765\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0cbin\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e3b\u548c\u5c5e\u7ec4\u90fd\u4e3aroot\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e3b\u6709\u53ef\u8bfb\u3001\u53ef\u5199\u3001\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff1b\u4e0e\u5c5e\u4e3b\u540c\u7ec4\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u6709\u53ef\u8bfb\u548c\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff1b\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u4e5f\u6709\u53ef\u8bfb\u548c\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u6027<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1\u3001chgrp\uff1a\u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u7ec4<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><span class=\"pln\">chgrp <\/span><span class=\"pun\">[-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">R<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">\u5c5e\u7ec4\u540d\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/span><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53c2\u6570\u9009\u9879<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>-R\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u7ec4\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u66f4\u6539\u67d0\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5c5e\u7ec4\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u52a0\u4e0a-R\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5c5e\u7ec4\u90fd\u4f1a\u66f4\u6539\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2\u3001chown\uff1a\u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u4e3b\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u7ec4<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><span class=\"pln\">chown <\/span><span class=\"pun\">[\u2013<\/span><span class=\"pln\">R<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">\u5c5e\u4e3b\u540d<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\nchown <\/span><span class=\"pun\">[-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">R<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">\u5c5e\u4e3b\u540d\uff1a\u5c5e\u7ec4\u540d<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/span><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fdb\u5165 \/root \u76ee\u5f55\uff08~\uff09\u5c06install.log\u7684\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u6539\u4e3abin\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8d26\u53f7\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> cd <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~<\/span>\n<span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> chown bin install<\/span><span class=\"pun\">.<\/span><span class=\"pln\">log\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> ls <\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">l\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">rw<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">r<\/span><span class=\"pun\">--<\/span><span class=\"pln\">r<\/span><span class=\"pun\">--<\/span>  <span class=\"lit\">1<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> bin  users <\/span><span class=\"lit\">68495<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">Jun<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">25<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">08<\/span><span class=\"pun\">:<\/span><span class=\"lit\">53<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> install<\/span><span class=\"pun\">.<\/span><span class=\"pln\">log<\/span><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5c06install.log\u7684\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u4e0e\u7fa4\u7ec4\u6539\u56de\u4e3aroot\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> chown root<\/span><span class=\"pun\">:<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root install<\/span><span class=\"pun\">.<\/span><span class=\"pln\">log\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> ls <\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">l\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">rw<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">r<\/span><span class=\"pun\">--<\/span><span class=\"pln\">r<\/span><span class=\"pun\">--<\/span>  <span class=\"lit\">1<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> root root <\/span><span class=\"lit\">68495<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">Jun<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">25<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">08<\/span><span class=\"pun\">:<\/span><span class=\"lit\">53<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> install<\/span><span class=\"pun\">.<\/span><span class=\"pln\">log<\/span><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3\u3001chmod\uff1a\u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef69\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Linux\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u6027\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u7b26\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Linux\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6743\u9650\u5c31\u6709\u4e5d\u4e2a\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662fowner\/group\/others\u4e09\u79cd\u8eab\u4efd\u5404\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684read\/write\/execute\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5148\u590d\u4e60\u4e00\u4e0b\u521a\u521a\u4e0a\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\u5b57\u7b26\u4e3a\uff1a\u300e-rwxrwxrwx\u300f\uff0c \u8fd9\u4e5d\u4e2a\u6743\u9650\u662f\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e00\u7ec4\u7684\uff01\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u6765\u4ee3\u8868\u5404\u4e2a\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5404\u6743\u9650\u7684\u5206\u6570\u5bf9\u7167\u8868\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>r:4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>w:2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>x:1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6bcf\u79cd\u8eab\u4efd(owner\/group\/others)\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u6743\u9650(r\/w\/x)\u5206\u6570\u662f\u9700\u8981\u7d2f\u52a0\u7684\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5f53\u6743\u9650\u4e3a\uff1a [-rwxrwx&#8212;] \u5206\u6570\u5219\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>owner = rwx = 4+2+1 = 7<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>group = rwx = 4+2+1 = 7<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>others= &#8212; = 0+0+0 = 0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u7b49\u4e00\u4e0b\u6211\u4eec\u8bbe\u5b9a\u6743\u9650\u7684\u53d8\u66f4\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\u6570\u5b57\u5c31\u662f770\u5566\uff01\u53d8\u66f4\u6743\u9650\u7684\u6307\u4ee4chmod\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><span class=\"pln\"> chmod <\/span><span class=\"pun\">[-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">R<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> xyz <\/span><span class=\"pun\">\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55<\/span><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9009\u9879\u4e0e\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>xyz : \u5c31\u662f\u521a\u521a\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6743\u9650\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u4e3a rwx \u5c5e\u6027\u6570\u503c\u7684\u76f8\u52a0\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>-R : \u8fdb\u884c\u9012\u5f52(recursive)\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u53d8\u66f4\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u8fde\u540c\u6b21\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u4f1a\u53d8\u66f4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3e\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5c06.bashrc\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6743\u9650\u90fd\u8bbe\u5b9a\u542f\u7528\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u547d\u4ee4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> ls <\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">al <\/span><span class=\"pun\">.<\/span><span class=\"pln\">bashrc\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">rw<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">r<\/span><span class=\"pun\">--<\/span><span class=\"pln\">r<\/span><span class=\"pun\">--<\/span>  <span class=\"lit\">1<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> root root <\/span><span class=\"lit\">395<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">Jul<\/span>  <span class=\"lit\">4<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">11<\/span><span class=\"pun\">:<\/span><span class=\"lit\">45<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span><span class=\"pln\">bashrc\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> chmod <\/span><span class=\"lit\">777<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span><span class=\"pln\">bashrc\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> ls <\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">al <\/span><span class=\"pun\">.<\/span><span class=\"pln\">bashrc\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">rwxrwxrwx  <\/span><span class=\"lit\">1<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> root root <\/span><span class=\"lit\">395<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">Jul<\/span>  <span class=\"lit\">4<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">11<\/span><span class=\"pun\">:<\/span><span class=\"lit\">45<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span><span class=\"pln\">bashrc<\/span><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u90a3\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5c06\u6743\u9650\u53d8\u6210 <em>-rwxr-xr&#8211;<\/em> \u5462\uff1f\u90a3\u4e48\u6743\u9650\u7684\u5206\u6570\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a [4+2+1][4+0+1][4+0+0]=754\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b26\u53f7\u7c7b\u578b\u6539\u53d8\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6539\u53d8\u6743\u9650\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5466\uff01\u4ece\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u5c31\u4e5d\u4e2a\u6743\u9650\u5206\u522b\u662f(1)user (2)group (3)others\u4e09\u79cd\u8eab\u4efd\u5566\uff01 \u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u85c9\u7531u, g, o\u6765\u4ee3\u8868\u4e09\u79cd\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c a \u5219\u4ee3\u8868 all \u4ea6\u5373\u5168\u90e8\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\uff01\u90a3\u4e48\u8bfb\u5199\u7684\u6743\u9650\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u6210r, w, x\uff01\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5e95\u4e0b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u770b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>chmod<\/td><td>u<br>g<br>o<br>a<\/td><td>+(\u52a0\u5165)<br>-(\u9664\u53bb)<br>=(\u8bbe\u5b9a)<\/td><td>r<br>w<br>x<\/td><td>\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a -rwxr-xr&#8211; \uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <em>chmod u=rwx,g=rx,o=r \u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/em> \u6765\u8bbe\u5b9a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> ls <\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">al <\/span><span class=\"pun\">.<\/span><span class=\"pln\">bashrc\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">rwxr<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">xr<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">x  <\/span><span class=\"lit\">1<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> root root <\/span><span class=\"lit\">395<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">Jul<\/span>  <span class=\"lit\">4<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">11<\/span><span class=\"pun\">:<\/span><span class=\"lit\">45<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span><span class=\"pln\">bashrc\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> chmod  a<\/span><span class=\"pun\">+<\/span><span class=\"pln\">w  <\/span><span class=\"pun\">.<\/span><span class=\"pln\">bashrc\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> ls <\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">al <\/span><span class=\"pun\">.<\/span><span class=\"pln\">bashrc\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">rwxrwxrwx  <\/span><span class=\"lit\">1<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> root root <\/span><span class=\"lit\">395<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">Jul<\/span>  <span class=\"lit\">4<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">11<\/span><span class=\"pun\">:<\/span><span class=\"lit\">45<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span><span class=\"pln\">bashrc<\/span><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u800c\u5982\u679c\u662f\u8981\u5c06\u6743\u9650\u53bb\u6389\u800c\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u5176\u4ed6\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6743\u9650\u5462\uff1f\u4f8b\u5982\u8981\u62ff\u6389\u5168\u90e8\u4eba\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5219\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> chmod  a<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">x  <\/span><span class=\"pun\">.<\/span><span class=\"pln\">bashrc\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> ls <\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">al <\/span><span class=\"pun\">.<\/span><span class=\"pln\">bashrc\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">rw<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">rw<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">rw<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span>  <span class=\"lit\">1<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> root root <\/span><span class=\"lit\">395<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">Jul<\/span>  <span class=\"lit\">4<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">11<\/span><span class=\"pun\">:<\/span><span class=\"lit\">45<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span><span class=\"pln\">bashrc\n\n\n\n\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.runoob.com\/linux\/linux-file-attr-permission.html\n<\/span><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5178\u578b\u7684\u591a\u7528\u6237\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5904\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0cLinu &#8230; <a title=\"Linux \u6587\u4ef6\u57fa\u672c\u5c5e\u6027\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/jishu\/linux-%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e5%9f%ba%e6%9c%ac%e5%b1%9e%e6%80%a7\/\" aria-label=\"\u9605\u8bfb Linux \u6587\u4ef6\u57fa\u672c\u5c5e\u6027\">\u9605\u8bfb\u66f4\u591a<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[49,5],"tags":[38,503],"class_list":["post-1578","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux","category-jishu","tag-linux","tag-503"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1578","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1578"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1578\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9346,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1578\/revisions\/9346"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1578"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1578"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1578"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}