{"id":1438,"date":"2016-11-16T14:55:11","date_gmt":"2016-11-16T06:55:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/?p=1438"},"modified":"2025-01-06T15:26:44","modified_gmt":"2025-01-06T07:26:44","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%9c%a8-linux-%e4%b8%ad%e5%b0%86%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e7%bc%96%e7%a0%81%e8%bd%ac%e6%8d%a2%e4%b8%ba-utf-8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/jishu\/linux\/%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%9c%a8-linux-%e4%b8%ad%e5%b0%86%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e7%bc%96%e7%a0%81%e8%bd%ac%e6%8d%a2%e4%b8%ba-utf-8\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Linux \u4e2d\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u7f16\u7801\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a UTF-8"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u5728 Linux \u4e2d\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177 <\/span>iconv<\/code> <\/span>\u7528\u6765\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u79cd\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u6587\u672c\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u7f16\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <\/span>file<\/code> <\/span>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u6dfb\u52a0 <\/span>-i<\/code> <\/span>\u6216 <\/span>--mime<\/code> <\/span>\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u50cf\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e00\u6837\u8f93\u51fa\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684 mime (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) \u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. $ <\/span>file<\/span> -<\/span>i <\/span>Car<\/span>.<\/span>java<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. $ <\/span>file<\/span> -<\/span>i <\/span>CarDriver<\/span>.<\/span>java<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u5728 Linux \u4e2d\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7f16\u7801<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    iconv \u5de5\u5177\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    1. $ <\/span>iconv<\/span> option<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
    2. $ <\/span>iconv<\/span> options <\/span>-<\/span>f <\/span>from<\/span>-<\/span>encoding <\/span>-<\/span>t to<\/span>-<\/span>encoding inputfile<\/span>(<\/span>s<\/span>)<\/span> -<\/span>o outputfile <\/span><\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      \u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c-f<\/code> <\/span>\u6216 <\/span>--from-code<\/code> <\/span>\u8868\u660e\u4e86\u8f93\u5165\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u800c <\/span>-t<\/code> <\/span>\u6216 <\/span>--to-encoding<\/code> <\/span>\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u8f93\u51fa\u7f16\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u4e3a\u4e86\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u6709\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      1. $ <\/span>iconv<\/span> -<\/span>l <\/span><\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
        \"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

        <\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u6709\u7f16\u7801\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u4ece ISO-8859-1 \u7f16\u7801\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a UTF-8 \u7f16\u7801<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        \u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5b66\u4e60\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u4e00\u79cd\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6848\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u4f1a\u5c06 ISO-8859-1 \u7f16\u7801\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a UTF-8 \u7f16\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \u8003\u8651\u5982\u4e0b\u6587\u4ef6 <\/span>input.file<\/code>\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        1. \ufffd<\/span> \ufffd<\/span> \ufffd<\/span> \ufffd<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

          \u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u67e5\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u7b26\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a UTF-8 \u7f16\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \u5728\u8fd0\u884c <\/span>iconv<\/code> <\/span>\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u6837\u68c0\u67e5\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u548c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \n
          1. $ <\/span>file<\/span> -<\/span>i input<\/span>.<\/span>file<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
          2. $ <\/span>cat<\/span> input<\/span>.<\/span>file<\/span> <\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
          3. $ <\/span>iconv<\/span> -<\/span>f ISO<\/span>-<\/span>8859<\/span>-<\/span>1<\/span> -<\/span>t UTF<\/span>-<\/span>8<\/span>\/\/TRANSLIT input.file -o out.file<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
          4. $ <\/span>cat<\/span> out<\/span>.<\/span>file<\/span> <\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
          5. $ <\/span>file<\/span> -<\/span>i out<\/span>.<\/span>file<\/span> <\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
            \"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

            <\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \u5728 Linux \u4e2d\u5c06 ISO-8859-1 \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a UTF-8<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u8f93\u51fa\u7f16\u7801\u540e\u9762\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86 <\/span>\/\/IGNORE<\/code> <\/span>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u5c06\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u8f6c\u6362\u540e\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u6761\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \u597d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 <\/span>\/\/TRANSLIT<\/code> <\/span>\u88ab\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u4e86\u4e0a\u9762\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7f16\u7801\u4e4b\u540e (UTF-8\/\/TRANSLIT<\/code>)\uff0c\u5f85\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4f1a\u5c3d\u91cf\u91c7\u7528\u5f62\u8bd1\u539f\u5219\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5728\u8f93\u51fa\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u8868\u793a\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u4f1a\u88ab\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f62\u72b6\u6bd4\u8f83\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e0d\u5728\u8f93\u51fa\u7f16\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u5f62\u8bd1\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u4f1a\u5728\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u88ab\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u53f7\u6807\u8bb0 <\/span>?<\/code> <\/span>\u4ee3\u66ff\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a UTF-8 \u7f16\u7801<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

            \u56de\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u751a\u81f3\u67d0\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a UTF-8 \u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u4e0b\u9762\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684 shell \u811a\u672c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u547d\u540d\u4e3a <\/span>encoding.sh<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \n
            1. #<\/span>!<\/span>\/bin\/<\/span>bash<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
            2. ### \u5c06 values_here \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\u7f16\u7801<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
            3. FROM_ENCODING<\/span>=<\/span>\"value_here\"<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
            4. ### \u8f93\u51fa\u7f16\u7801 (UTF-8)<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
            5. TO_ENCODING<\/span>=<\/span>\"UTF-8\"<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
            6. ### \u8f6c\u6362\u547d\u4ee4<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
            7. CONVERT<\/span>=<\/span>\" iconv -f $FROM_ENCODING -t $TO_ENCODING\"<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
            8. ### \u4f7f\u7528\u5faa\u73af\u8f6c\u6362\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
            9. for<\/span> file<\/span> in<\/span> *.<\/span>txt<\/span>;<\/span> do<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
            10. $CONVERT <\/span>\"$file\"<\/span> -<\/span>o <\/span>\"${file%.txt}.utf8.converted\"<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
            11. done<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
            12. exit<\/span> 0<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

              \u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4e3a\u5b83\u6dfb\u52a0\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u3002\u5728\u5f85\u8f6c\u6362\u6587\u4ef6 (*.txt) \u6240\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \n
              1. $ <\/span>chmod<\/span> +<\/span>x encoding<\/span>.<\/span>sh<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
              2. $ <\/span>.\/<\/span>encoding<\/span>.<\/span>sh<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                \u91cd\u8981\u4e8b\u9879\uff1a\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u901a\u7528\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8f6c\u6362\u4efb\u610f\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u7f16\u7801\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fbe\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u6539\u53d8 <\/span>FROM_ENCODING<\/code> <\/span>\u53ca <\/span>TO_ENCODING<\/code> <\/span>\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u3002\u522b\u5fd8\u4e86\u6539\u4e00\u4e0b\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\"${file%.txt}.utf8.converted\"<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u82e5\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b <\/span>iconv<\/code> <\/span>\u7684\u624b\u518c\u9875man page<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \n
                1. $ <\/span>man<\/span> iconv<\/span><\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                  \u5728 Linux \u4e2d\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177 iconv \u7528\u6765\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u79cd\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u6587\u672c\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u7f16\u7801\u3002 \u4f60 … \u9605\u8bfb\u66f4\u591a<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[49],"tags":[38,158],"class_list":["post-1438","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux","tag-linux","tag-utf-8"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1438","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1438"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1438\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8904,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1438\/revisions\/8904"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1438"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1438"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1438"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}