{"id":1258,"date":"2016-09-22T10:41:07","date_gmt":"2016-09-22T02:41:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/?p=1258"},"modified":"2016-09-22T10:41:07","modified_gmt":"2016-09-22T02:41:07","slug":"linux%e8%bf%90%e8%a1%8c%e7%ad%89%e7%ba%a7%ef%bc%8c%e6%a0%b9%e7%9b%ae%e5%bd%95%ef%bc%8c%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e7%b1%bb%e5%9e%8betc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/jishu\/linux\/linux%e8%bf%90%e8%a1%8c%e7%ad%89%e7%ba%a7%ef%bc%8c%e6%a0%b9%e7%9b%ae%e5%bd%95%ef%bc%8c%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e7%b1%bb%e5%9e%8betc\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u8fd0\u884c\u7b49\u7ea7\uff0c\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578betc"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3 id=\"linux\u7684runlevel\">Linux\u7684Runlevel<\/h3>\n<p>Linux\u9ed8\u8ba4\u67096\u4e2aTerminal\uff08Ctrl+Alt+F1~F6\uff09\u548c1\u4e2aX window\uff08Ctrl+Alt+F7\uff0c\u56fe\u5f62\u5316\u754c\u9762\uff09\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55<br \/>\nLinux\u7684runlevel\u4e00\u5171\u67097\u7ea7\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u76846\u4e2aterminal\u8fd0\u884c\u5728runlevel 3\uff0cXwindow\u8fd0\u884c\u5728runlevel5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u662fFedora\uff0cUbuntu\u8fd9\u7c7b\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u7684\u8bdd\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u5165\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u3002<br \/>\n\u4ee5Ubuntu\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u82e5\u60f3\u8981\u5f00\u673a\u8fdb\u5165\u5b57\u7b26\u754c\u9762\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4<strong>$sudo vi \/etc\/default\/grub<\/strong>, \u627e\u5230<strong>GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=&#8221;quiet splash&#8221;<\/strong>\u5c06\u5176\u6539\u6210<strong>GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=&#8221;quiet splash text&#8221;<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"linux\u547d\u4ee4\u7ed3\u6784\">Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u7ed3\u6784<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs perl\">$command    [-options]   parameter1      parameter2\u2026\u2026  <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Note\uff1a<br \/>\n* \u4e00\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u90e8\u5206 \u7edd\u5bf9\u662f\u201c\u547d\u4ee4\uff08Command\uff09\u201d\u6216\u201c\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u201d<br \/>\n* \u9009\u9879\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u4ee5 \u2013 \u5f00\u5934<br \/>\n* \u4e00\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u7528\u7a7a\u683c\u5206\u5f00\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bba\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a\u7a7a\u683c\u90fd\u7b97\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a<br \/>\n* \u547d\u4ee4\u592a\u957f\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528&lt;\\&gt;\u6765\u8f6c\u4e49\uff0c\u7eed\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"linux\u7684\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\">Linux\u7684\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784<\/h3>\n<p>\/bin \uff1a<strong>bin<\/strong>aries<br \/>\n\/etc \uff1a<strong>etc<\/strong>etera<br \/>\n\/mnt \uff1atemporary <strong>m<\/strong>ou<strong>nt<\/strong>s<br \/>\n\/opt \uff1a<strong>opt<\/strong>ional application software packages<br \/>\n\/proc \uff1avirtual filesystem providing <strong>proc<\/strong>ess and kernel information as files<br \/>\n\/sbin \uff1a<strong>bin<\/strong>aries used for <strong>s<\/strong>ystem<br \/>\n\/srv \uff1aspecific data for <strong>s<\/strong>e<strong>r<\/strong>vi<strong>c<\/strong>es provided by the system<br \/>\n\/usr \uff1a<strong>u<\/strong>nix <strong>s<\/strong>ystem <strong>s<\/strong>ource\uff0c\u4e0d\u662fuser\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0cuser\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u662f \/home<br \/>\n\/var \uff1a<strong>var<\/strong>iable files<br \/>\n\/src \uff1a<strong>s<\/strong>ou<strong>rc<\/strong>e<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"linux\u6743\u9650\">Linux\u6743\u9650<\/h3>\n<p>Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u8eab\u4efd\uff1aowner\u3001group\u3001others\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u8eab\u4efd\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u6743\u9650\uff1ar\u3001w\u3001x\uff0c\u4e60\u60ef\u4e8eWindows\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u90fd\u77e5 \u9053.doc\u7528word\u6253\u5f00\uff0c.exe\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u662fLinux\u4e2d\u4e0d\u6309\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u540d\u533a\u5206\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u80fd\u5426\u88ab\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u8be6\u7ec6\u5c5e\u6027\u4e2d\u768410\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c \u53ea\u8981\u6743\u9650\u4e2d\u6709\u201cx\u201d\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u3002\u4f46\u6267\u884c\u540e\u80fd\u5426\u4ea7\u751f\u7528\u6237\u671f\u671b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6309\u7167pdf\u89c4\u5219\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u53ea\u8981\u6709\u201cx\u201d\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u88abgedit\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5e94 \u8be5\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u7528\u6237\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002 \u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u4e60\u60ef\u4e0a\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u79cd\u7c7b\u4e00\u76ee\u4e86\u7136\uff0cLinux\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4e5f\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u6269\u5c55\u540d\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u4ece\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u4e0b\u8f7d\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5230Linux\u4e2d\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c \u6743\u9650\u662f\u4f1a\u88ab\u6539\u53d8\u7684<br \/>\n<strong>$chown<\/strong> \uff1a\u6539\u53d8\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005<br \/>\n<strong>$chgrp<\/strong> \uff1a\u6539\u53d8\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5c5e\u7528\u6237\u7ec4<br \/>\n<strong>$chmod<\/strong> \uff1a\u6765\u4fee\u6539\u6743\u9650<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"linux\u768410\u79cd\u6587\u4ef6\">Linux\u768410\u79cd\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<p>1) -\uff1a\u4e00\u822c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0cregular file<br \/>\n2) d\uff1adirectory \uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939<br \/>\n3) l \uff1alinkfile \uff0c\u94fe\u63a5\u6587\u4ef6<br \/>\n4) b \uff1ablock\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\u53ef\u4f9b\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u8bbe\u5907<br \/>\n5) c \uff1acharacter\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\u7684\u4e32\u884c\u7aef\u53e3\u8bbe\u5907<br \/>\n6) ASCII \uff1a\u7eaf\u6587\u4ef6\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<br \/>\n7) binary\uff1aLinux\u4e2d\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6<br \/>\n8) data \uff1a\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6<br \/>\n9) s \uff1aSocket\u6570\u636e\u63a5\u53e3\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fde\u63a5<br \/>\n10) p \uff1aFIFO pipe\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u591a\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540c\u65f6\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"\u8ba4\u8bc6linux\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\">\u8ba4\u8bc6Linux\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305<\/h3>\n<p>Linux\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff0csource\uff0crpm\uff0cdeb\u3002<br \/>\nSource\u4e00\u822c\u53ef\u4ee5\u518d\u4efb\u4f55\u7248\u672c\u7684Linux\u53d8\u5f02\u5b89\u88c5\uff1b<br \/>\nrpm\u53ef\u4ee5\u518dRedHat\uff0cFedoral\u5b89\u88c5\uff1b<br \/>\ndeb\u53ef\u4ee5\u518ddebian\uff0cubuntu\u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f7f\u7528alien\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e09\u79cd\u5305\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e00\u5b9a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u6e90\u7801\u5b89\u88c5\u6216\u8005\u4e13\u7528\u5305\u5b89\u88c5<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Linux\u7684Runlevel Linux\u9ed8\u8ba4\u67096\u4e2aTerminal\uff08Ctrl+Alt+F1~F6\uff09\u548c1\u4e2aX w &#8230; <a title=\"Linux\u8fd0\u884c\u7b49\u7ea7\uff0c\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578betc\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/jishu\/linux\/linux%e8%bf%90%e8%a1%8c%e7%ad%89%e7%ba%a7%ef%bc%8c%e6%a0%b9%e7%9b%ae%e5%bd%95%ef%bc%8c%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e7%b1%bb%e5%9e%8betc\/\" aria-label=\"\u9605\u8bfb Linux\u8fd0\u884c\u7b49\u7ea7\uff0c\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578betc\">\u9605\u8bfb\u66f4\u591a<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[49],"tags":[38],"class_list":["post-1258","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux","tag-linux"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1258","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1258"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1258\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1259,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1258\/revisions\/1259"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1258"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1258"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/xueyuan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1258"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}