{"id":33629,"date":"2026-10-15T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-10-15T02:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/?p=33629"},"modified":"2026-10-15T11:57:09","modified_gmt":"2026-10-15T03:57:09","slug":"node-exporter-prometheus-server","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/guides\/node-exporter-prometheus-server\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4e91\u76d1\u63a7\u544a\u8b66\u63a5\u5165\uff1anode_exporter Prometheus \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u76d1\u63a7\u5b9e\u6218"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u534a\u591c\u5b95\u673a\u3001CPU \u98d9\u6ee1\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u5199\u6ee1\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u90fd\u662f\u7528\u6237\u5148\u53d1\u73b0\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5148\u53d1\u73b0\u2014\u2014\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u6ca1\u6709\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e8e\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u6761\u80fd\u63d0\u524d\u6293\u6307\u6807\u3001\u53d1\u544a\u8b66\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u94fe\u8def\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u6559\u4f60\u5982\u4f55\u7528 node_exporter \u4e0e Prometheus \u642d\u5efa\u8fd9\u6761\u94fe\u8def\uff1a\u4ece\u5b89\u88c5 node_exporter\u3001\u914d\u7f6e Prometheus \u6293\u53d6\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5230\u7528 PromQL \u5199\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761 CPU \u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u518d\u5230\u63a5\u5165\u90ae\u4ef6\u901a\u77e5\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9009\u8fd9\u5957\u7ec4\u5408\uff1f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u662f\u5f00\u6e90\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ed1\u5b9a\u4e91\u5382\u5546\uff0c\u4e00\u53f0 VPS<\/a>\uff08\u865a\u62df\u4e13\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/a>\uff09\u5230\u4e00\u6392\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/a>\u90fd\u80fd\u7528\u540c\u4e00\u5957\u65b9\u6cd5\u63a5\u5165\u3002\u8bfb\u5b8c\u5168\u6587\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4efd\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u590d\u7528\u7684\u6293\u53d6\u4e0e\u544a\u8b66\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u673a\u67dc\u901a\u8fc7\u6570\u636e\u7ba1\u9053\u5411\u76d1\u63a7\u5c4f\u8f93\u9001\u6307\u6807\u66f2\u7ebf\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u63a5\u5165\u573a\u666f\"<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u573a\u666f\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48”\u51fa\u4e86\u4e8b\u518d\u770b”\u603b\u662f\u6765\u4e0d\u53ca<\/h2>\n

\u5148\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u573a\u666f\uff1a\u4e00\u53f0\u8dd1\u7740\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fde\u7eed\u4e09\u5929\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u7f13\u6162\u4e0a\u6da8\uff0c\u4ece 70% \u6da8\u5230 98%\uff0c\u671f\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u62a5\u9519\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u67d0\u5929\u51cc\u6668\u65e5\u5fd7\u670d\u52a1\u5199\u4e0d\u8fdb\u78c1\u76d8\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u505c\u6b62\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u6545\u969c\u624d\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5f53\u65f6\u6709\u4e00\u6761”\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u8d85\u8fc7 85% \u6301\u7eed 10 \u5206\u949f\u5c31\u544a\u8b66”\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u8fd9\u672c\u6765\u662f\u4e00\u6761\u63d0\u524d\u4e09\u5929\u5c31\u80fd\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5de5\u5355\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u65e0\u6cd5\u9760\u4eba\u8089\u89e3\u51b3\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u6700\u591a\u76ef\u51e0\u53f0\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u800c\u4e00\u6761 df -h<\/code> \u53ea\u80fd\u53cd\u6620\u6267\u884c\u90a3\u4e00\u79d2\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u601d\u8def\u662f\u628a\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e8b\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u2014\u2014\u6301\u7eed\u6293\u53d6\uff08\u5b9a\u65f6\u628a CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u7b49\u6307\u6807\u5b58\u4e0b\u6765\uff09\u548c\u89c4\u5219\u544a\u8b66\uff08\u5bf9\u6307\u6807\u6301\u7eed\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u547d\u4e2d\u6761\u4ef6\u5c31\u53d1\u901a\u77e5\uff09\u3002node_exporter \u8d1f\u8d23”\u66b4\u9732\u6307\u6807”\uff0cPrometheus \u8d1f\u8d23”\u6293\u53d6\u548c\u5b58\u50a8”\uff0cAlertmanager \u8d1f\u8d23”\u628a\u544a\u8b66\u53d1\u51fa\u53bb”\uff0c\u4e09\u8005\u5206\u5de5\u660e\u786e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u672c\u6587\u7684\u4e3b\u7ebf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u51c6\u5907\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0e\u5b89\u88c5 node_exporter<\/h2>\n

\u5728\u52a8\u624b\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u786e\u8ba4\u4e09\u4e2a\u524d\u63d0\uff1a\u4e00\u53f0\u53ef SSH \u767b\u5f55\u7684 Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u672c\u6587\u4ee5 root \u6216\u5177\u5907 sudo \u6743\u9650\u7684\u7528\u6237\u64cd\u4f5c\uff09\u3001\u653e\u884c\u672c\u673a 9100 \u7aef\u53e3\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u6807\u66b4\u9732\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u53f0\u7528\u4e8e\u90e8\u7f72 Prometheus \u7684\u673a\u5668\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u53f0\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u5efa\u8bae\u5206\u5f00\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

node_exporter \u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u975e\u5e38\u8f7b\u91cf\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9759\u6001\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u5355\u6587\u4ef6\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u989d\u5916\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5 1.8.x \u7248\u672c\u7a97\u53e3\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u5b89\u88c5\u65f6\u8bf7\u4ee5\u5b98\u65b9\u4e0b\u8f7d\u9875\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u7a33\u5b9a\u7248\u4e3a\u51c6\uff1a<\/p>\n

# \u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u89e3\u538b\uff08\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u4ee5\u5b98\u7f51\u6700\u65b0\u7a33\u5b9a\u7248\u4e3a\u51c6\uff09\nwget https:\/\/github.com\/prometheus\/node_exporter\/releases\/download\/v1.8.2\/node_exporter-1.8.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz\ntar xvfz node_exporter-1.8.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz\nsudo mv node_exporter-1.8.2.linux-amd64\/node_exporter \/usr\/local\/bin\/\n\n# \u521b\u5efa\u4e13\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6237\u5e76\u6ce8\u518c\u4e3a systemd \u670d\u52a1\nsudo useradd -rs \/sbin\/nologin node_exporter\nsudo tee \/etc\/systemd\/system\/node_exporter.service > \/dev\/null <<'EOF'\n[Unit]\nDescription=Prometheus Node Exporter\nAfter=network.target\n\n[Service]\nUser=node_exporter\nExecStart=\/usr\/local\/bin\/node_exporter\nRestart=on-failure\n\n[Install]\nWantedBy=multi-user.target\nEOF\n\nsudo systemctl daemon-reload\nsudo systemctl enable --now node_exporter\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u9a8c\u8bc1\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u786e\u8ba4\u7aef\u53e3\u5728\u76d1\u542c\u4e14\u6307\u6807\u63a5\u53e3\u80fd\u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n
# \u7aef\u53e3\u76d1\u542c\u786e\u8ba4\nss -tlnp | grep 9100\n\n# \u6307\u6807\u63a5\u53e3\u62bd\u67e5\uff08\u5e94\u8fd4\u56de\u5927\u91cf # HELP \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u6587\u672c\u884c\uff09\ncurl -s http:\/\/localhost:9100\/metrics | head -20\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u679c curl<\/code> \u8fd4\u56de\u4e86\u4e00\u5806 # HELP<\/code> \u548c # TYPE<\/code> \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e node_exporter \u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u4ee5\u6587\u672c\u534f\u8bae\u66b4\u9732\u6307\u6807\u3002\u8fd4\u56de\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\uff0c\u5148\u770b journalctl -u node_exporter -n 50<\/code> \u91cc\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u88c5 Prometheus \u5e76\u914d\u7f6e\u6293\u53d6\u4efb\u52a1<\/h2>\n
\u6709\u4e86\u6307\u6807\u66b4\u9732\u7aef\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u8ba9 Prometheus \u5b9a\u65f6\u6765\u6293\u3002Prometheus \u540c\u6837\u662f\u5355\u6587\u4ef6\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a YAML \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u89e3\u538b\u5373\u53ef\u8fd0\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n
# \u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u89e3\u538b\uff08\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u4ee5\u5b98\u7f51\u6700\u65b0\u7a33\u5b9a\u7248\u4e3a\u51c6\uff09\nwget https:\/\/github.com\/prometheus\/prometheus\/releases\/download\/v2.53.0\/prometheus-2.53.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz\ntar xvfz prometheus-2.53.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz\ncd prometheus-2.53.0.linux-amd64\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u89e3\u538b\u540e\u76ee\u5f55\u91cc\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u6587\u4ef6\uff1aprometheus<\/code>\uff08\u4e3b\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff09\u548c prometheus.yml<\/code>\uff08\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\u3002\u7f16\u8f91 prometheus.yml<\/code>\uff0c\u628a\u6293\u53d6\u76ee\u6807\u6307\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684 9100 \u7aef\u53e3\uff1a<\/p>\n
global:\n  scrape_interval: 15s        # \u6bcf 15 \u79d2\u6293\u53d6\u4e00\u6b21\n  evaluation_interval: 15s    # \u6bcf 15 \u79d2\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e00\u6b21\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219\n\nscrape_configs:\n  - job_name: "node"\n    static_configs:\n      - targets: ["10.0.0.8:9100"]   # \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668 IP\n        labels:\n          instance: "web-prod-01"     # \u8d77\u4e2a\u80fd\u8ba4\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u540d\u5b57\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u503c\u5f97\u5c55\u5f00\u8bf4\uff1ascrape_interval<\/code> \u51b3\u5b9a\u6307\u6807\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u7c92\u5ea6\uff0c15 \u79d2\u662f\u793e\u533a\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u70b9\u2014\u2014\u6293\u5f97\u592a\u5bc6\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u5b58\u50a8\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u6293\u5f97\u592a\u7a00\uff08\u6bd4\u5982 5 \u5206\u949f\u4e00\u6b21\uff09\u4f1a\u6f0f\u6389\u77ed\u65f6\u5c16\u5cf0\uff1bevaluation_interval<\/code> \u51b3\u5b9a\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219\u591a\u4e45\u7b97\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e0e\u6293\u53d6\u95f4\u9694\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u542f\u52a8\u540e\u6253\u5f00 http:\/\/<prometheus-ip>:9090\/targets<\/code>\uff0c\u5982\u679c node<\/code> \u8fd9\u4e2a target \u663e\u793a UP<\/code>\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u6293\u53d6\u94fe\u8def\u5df2\u7ecf\u6253\u901a\u2014\u2014\u540e\u9762\u6240\u6709\u56fe\u8868\u548c\u544a\u8b66\u90fd\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u4e3a\u524d\u63d0\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u5bf9\u5916\u7684 \u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/a> \u6216 VPS<\/a>\uff0c9100 \u7aef\u53e3\u5efa\u8bae\u53ea\u5bf9\u5185\u7f51\u6216 Prometheus \u6240\u5728\u673a\u5668\u653e\u884c\u2014\u2014node_exporter \u672c\u8eab\u53ea\u8bfb\u4e0d\u5199\uff0c\u4f46\u6ca1\u5fc5\u8981\u66b4\u9732\u7ed9\u5168\u7f51\u626b\u63cf\u5668\u3002\u66f4\u7701\u5fc3\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u628a\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u4e1a\u52a1\u653e\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u53f0\u53d7\u7ba1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u6258\u7ba1\u578b\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u901a\u5e38\u652f\u6301\u81ea\u4e3b\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ba1\u7406\u9762\u677f\u91cc\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n
\u770b\u61c2 node_exporter \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6307\u6807<\/h2>\n
\u6293\u53d6\u6253\u901a\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5148\u522b\u6025\u7740\u914d\u544a\u8b66\u2014\u2014\u9608\u503c\u5199\u9519\u7684\u544a\u8b66\u6bd4\u6ca1\u6709\u544a\u8b66\u66f4\u6298\u78e8\u4eba\u3002node_exporter \u66b4\u9732\u7684\u6307\u6807\u6709\u4e0a\u5343\u4e2a\uff0c\u65e5\u5e38\u771f\u6b63\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u662f\u4e0b\u9762\u51e0\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u6307\u6807\u540d\u79f0<\/th>\n\u542b\u4e49<\/th>\n\u5178\u578b\u544a\u8b66\u5173\u6ce8\u70b9<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
node_cpu_seconds_total<\/code><\/td>\nCPU \u5404\u72b6\u6001\u7d2f\u8ba1\u8017\u65f6<\/td>\n\u8ba1\u7b97\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\uff0c\u5173\u6ce8\u6301\u7eed\u9ad8\u4e8e 85%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
node_memory_MemAvailable_bytes<\/code><\/td>\n\u53ef\u7528\u5185\u5b58<\/td>\n\u4f4e\u4e8e\u603b\u5185\u5b58 10% \u65f6\u544a\u8b66<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
node_filesystem_avail_bytes<\/code><\/td>\n\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5269\u4f59\u7a7a\u95f4<\/td>\n\u4f4e\u4e8e\u5bb9\u91cf 15% \u65f6\u9884\u8b66<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
node_load1<\/code> \/ node_load5<\/code><\/td>\n1\/5 \u5206\u949f\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u503c<\/td>\n\u4e0e CPU \u6838\u6570\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5224\u65ad\u8fc7\u8f7d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
node_network_receive_bytes_total<\/code><\/td>\n\u7f51\u5361\u6536\u5305\u5b57\u8282\u6570<\/td>\n\u8ba1\u7b97\u5e26\u5bbd\uff08\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u8f93\u5bb9\u91cf\uff09\u7528\u91cf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f”\u8ba1\u6570\u5668”\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u503c\u53ea\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u4e0d\u4f1a\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5 CPU \u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u8fd9\u7c7b”\u767e\u5206\u6bd4”\u9700\u8981\u7528 PromQL\uff08Prometheus \u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00\uff09\u505a\u901f\u7387\u6362\u7b97\u3002\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6700\u5feb\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u662f\u5728 Prometheus \u81ea\u5e26\u7684 Graph \u9875\u9762\u8bd5\u8dd1\u4e00\u904d\uff0c\u770b\u66f2\u7ebf\u662f\u5426\u7b26\u5408\u9884\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6bd4\u5982\u8ba1\u7b97 CPU \u4f7f\u7528\u7387\uff08\u6392\u9664 idle \u72b6\u6001\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u67e5\u8be2\u6846\u91cc\u6267\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n
100 - (avg by (instance) (rate(node_cpu_seconds_total{mode="idle"}[5m])) * 100)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\uff1a<\/p>\n
(1 - node_memory_MemAvailable_bytes \/ node_memory_MemTotal_bytes) * 100\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u78c1\u76d8\u5269\u4f59\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\uff1a<\/p>\n
node_filesystem_avail_bytes{fstype!~"tmpfs|overlay"} \n  \/ node_filesystem_size_bytes{fstype!~"tmpfs|overlay"} * 100\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728 Graph \u9875\u9762\u91cc\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e09\u6761\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5e94\u8be5\u753b\u51fa\u4e0e top<\/code>\u3001free -m<\/code>\u3001df -h<\/code> \u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u6570\u503c\u66f2\u7ebf\u3002\u6570\u503c\u5bf9\u4e0d\u4e0a\u65f6\uff0c\u4f18\u5148\u68c0\u67e5\u6293\u53d6\u95f4\u9694\u4e0e\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u5339\u914d\u2014\u2014\u7a97\u53e3\u5c0f\u4e8e\u6293\u53d6\u95f4\u9694\u4e24\u500d\u65f6\uff0crate()<\/code> \u7b97\u4e0d\u51fa\u6709\u6548\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n
\"\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5230\u91c7\u96c6\u5668\u518d\u5230\u76d1\u63a7\u5c4f\u7684\u4e09\u5c42\u76d1\u63a7\u67b6\u6784\u793a\u610f\"<\/p>\n
\u5199\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219\u5e76\u63a5\u4e0a\u901a\u77e5<\/h2>\n
\u67e5\u8be2\u9a8c\u8bc1\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5347\u7ea7\u6210\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5728 Prometheus \u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u65b0\u5efa rules\/node_alerts.yml<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n
groups:\n  - name: node-alerts\n    rules:\n      - alert: HighCpuUsage\n        expr: 100 - (avg by (instance) (rate(node_cpu_seconds_total{mode="idle"}[5m])) * 100) > 85\n        for: 10m\n        labels:\n          severity: warning\n        annotations:\n          summary: "\u5b9e\u4f8b {{ $labels.instance }} CPU \u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u8fc7\u9ad8"\n          description: "CPU \u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u5df2\u6301\u7eed 10 \u5206\u949f\u9ad8\u4e8e 85%\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u503c {{ $value | printf \\"%.1f\\" }}%"\n\n      - alert: LowDiskSpace\n        expr: node_filesystem_avail_bytes{fstype!~"tmpfs|overlay"} \/ node_filesystem_size_bytes{fstype!~"tmpfs|overlay"} * 100 < 15\n        for: 10m\n        labels:\n          severity: critical\n        annotations:\n          summary: "\u5b9e\u4f8b {{ $labels.instance }} \u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u8db3"\n          description: "\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5269\u4f59\u7a7a\u95f4\u5df2\u4f4e\u4e8e 15%\uff0c\u8bf7\u5c3d\u5feb\u6e05\u7406\u6216\u6269\u5bb9"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 for: 10m<\/code> \u662f\u9632\u8bef\u62a5\u7684\u5173\u952e\uff1a\u6761\u4ef6\u5fc5\u987b\u8fde\u7eed\u6ee1\u8db3 10 \u5206\u949f<\/strong>\u624d\u4f1a\u771f\u6b63\u89e6\u53d1\uff0c\u77ac\u95f4\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u5c16\u5cf0\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5435\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u3002severity<\/code> \u6807\u7b7e\u7528\u6765\u533a\u5206\u901a\u77e5\u7b49\u7ea7\uff0cwarning \u53ef\u4ee5\u53ea\u8fdb\u5de5\u4f5c\u7fa4\uff0ccritical \u76f4\u63a5\u6253\u7535\u8bdd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u89c4\u5219\u6587\u4ef6\u5199\u597d\u540e\uff0c\u5728 prometheus.yml<\/code> \u91cc\u6302\u8f7d\u5e76\u70ed\u52a0\u8f7d\uff1a<\/p>\n
rule_files:\n  - "rules\/*.yml"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
# \u8bed\u6cd5\u6821\u9a8c\uff08\u65e0\u8f93\u51fa\u5373\u901a\u8fc7\uff09\n.\/promtool check rules rules\/node_alerts.yml\n\n# \u70ed\u52a0\u8f7d\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u91cd\u542f\u8fdb\u7a0b\ncurl -X POST http:\/\/localhost:9090\/-\/reload\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Prometheus \u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u628a\u544a\u8b66”\u7b97\u51fa\u6765”\uff0c\u53d1\u901a\u77e5\u662f Alertmanager\uff08\u544a\u8b66\u8def\u7531\u4e0e\u901a\u77e5\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff09\u7684\u6d3b\u3002\u6700\u7b80\u7684\u90ae\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e\u957f\u8fd9\u6837\uff1a<\/p>\n
route:\n  receiver: "ops-mail"\n  group_wait: 30s\n  repeat_interval: 4h\n\nreceivers:\n  - name: "ops-mail"\n    email_configs:\n      - to: "ops@example.com"\n        from: "alert@example.com"\n        smarthost: "smtp.example.com:465"\n        auth_username: "alert@example.com"\n        auth_password: "your-smtp-password"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
group_wait: 30s<\/code> \u4f1a\u628a 30 \u79d2\u5185\u540c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u591a\u6761\u544a\u8b66\u5408\u5e76\u6210\u4e00\u5c01\u90ae\u4ef6\u2014\u2014\u78c1\u76d8\u544a\u8b66\u5f80\u5f80\u8fde\u5e26\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e00\u8d77\u89e6\u53d1\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5408\u5e76\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u6545\u969c\u80fd\u5237\u51fa\u5341\u51e0\u5c01\u90ae\u4ef6\u3002\u91cd\u542f Alertmanager \u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8dd1\u4e00\u4e2a stress-ng --cpu 4 --timeout 900<\/code> \u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u538b\u6d4b\u9a8c\u8bc1\u544a\u8b66\u80fd\u5426\u9001\u8fbe\u90ae\u7bb1\uff0c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b8c\u8bb0\u5f97\u505c\u6389\u3002<\/p>\n
\"\u76d1\u63a7\u6307\u6807\u8d8a\u8fc7\u7ea2\u8272\u9608\u503c\u540e\u544a\u8b66\u94c3\u53d1\u51fa\u63d0\u9192\u7684\u573a\u666f\"<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u662f\u6258\u7ba1\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u57fa\u7840\u6307\u6807\u5df2\u7531\u670d\u52a1\u5546\u4fa7\u4ee3\u7ba1\u3002\u865a\u62df\u4e3b\u673a<\/a> \u4ea7\u54c1\u901a\u5e38\u5185\u7f6e\u8d44\u6e90\u7528\u91cf\u9762\u677f\uff0c\u5171\u4eab\u4e3b\u673a<\/a>\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u8dd1 Prometheus\uff1b\u8fd9\u5957\u81ea\u5efa\u65b9\u6848\u66f4\u9002\u5408 VPS \u548c\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd9\u7c7b\u62e5\u6709\u5b8c\u6574\u7cfb\u7edf\u6743\u9650\u7684\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5e38\u89c1\u6392\u969c\uff1atarget DOWN \u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u7f3a\u5931<\/h2>\n
\u63a5\u5165\u8fc7\u7a0b\u91cc\u516b\u6210\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4e24\u7c7b\u73b0\u8c61\u4e0a\uff0c\u6392\u67e5\u8def\u5f84\u5f88\u56fa\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n
target \u663e\u793a DOWN<\/strong>\u3002Targets \u9875\u9762\u4f1a\u7ed9\u51fa\u5177\u4f53\u9519\u8bef\uff1aconnection refused<\/code> \u8bf4\u660e 9100 \u7aef\u53e3\u6ca1\u76d1\u542c\uff0c\u56de\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u770b\u670d\u52a1\u72b6\u6001\uff1bcontext deadline exceeded<\/code> \u662f\u6293\u53d6\u8d85\u65f6\uff0c\u591a\u89c1\u4e8e\u8de8\u516c\u7f51\u6293\u53d6\uff0c\u6539\u8d70\u5185\u7f51\u5373\u53ef\uff1bno such host<\/code> \u662f DNS\uff08\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790\uff09\u6216 IP \u5199\u9519\uff0c\u5148\u4ece Prometheus \u673a\u5668\u4e0a curl<\/code> \u4e00\u4e0b 9100 \u7aef\u53e3\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8fde\u901a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
target \u662f UP \u4f46\u67e5\u4e0d\u5230\u6570\u636e<\/strong>\u3002\u5148\u786e\u8ba4\u67e5\u8be2\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\uff0cPrometheus \u9ed8\u8ba4\u53ea\u5c55\u793a\u6700\u8fd1 1 \u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u521a\u63a5\u5165\u7684\u673a\u5668\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u62c9\u5230”\u6700\u8fd1 5 \u5206\u949f”\uff1b\u518d\u6838\u5bf9\u6307\u6807\u540d\u62fc\u5199\uff0cnode_memory_MemAvailable_bytes<\/code> \u91cc\u7684 Mem<\/code> \u662f\u5927\u5199\uff0c\u5199\u9519\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u7a7a\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u65e5\u5e38\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5efa\u8bae\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e09\u4e2a\u8282\u594f\uff1a\u6bcf\u5468\u626b\u4e00\u773c\u5404\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684 CPU \u548c\u78c1\u76d8\u66f2\u7ebf\u8d8b\u52bf\uff1b\u6bcf\u6708\u7528 promtool check rules<\/code> \u590d\u6838\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u6307\u6807\u6539\u540d\u540e\u89c4\u5219\u9759\u9ed8\u5931\u6548\uff1b\u6bcf\u5b63\u5ea6\u628a\u89e6\u53d1\u8fc7\u4f46\u6ca1\u5b9e\u9645\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u9608\u503c\u8c03\u9ad8\u3002\u60f3\u6df1\u5165\u65f6\uff0c\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u7684 \u67e5\u8be2\u57fa\u7840<\/a> \u7ae0\u8282\u8986\u76d6\u4e86 PromQL \u5168\u90e8\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u793e\u533a\u6559\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd0\u7ef4<\/a> \u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u8865\u5145\u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n
\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n
\u8fd9\u5957\u94fe\u8def\u56de\u987e\u4e0b\u6765\u53ea\u6709\u56db\u6b65\uff1a\u88c5 node_exporter \u66b4\u9732\u6307\u6807\u3001\u914d Prometheus \u6293\u53d6\u3001\u7528 PromQL \u9a8c\u8bc1\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3001\u628a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8fc7\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5347\u7ea7\u4e3a\u544a\u8b66\u5e76\u63a5\u4e0a\u901a\u77e5\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\u6bcf\u65b0\u589e\u4e00\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u91cd\u590d\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u548c\u5f80 static_configs<\/code> \u91cc\u52a0\u4e00\u884c target\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u7701\u5fc3\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5efa\u8bae\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a\u5148\u5728\u4e00\u53f0\u6d4b\u8bd5\u673a\u4e0a\u628a\u672c\u6587\u6d41\u7a0b\u8dd1\u901a\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u544a\u8b66\u80fd\u9001\u8fbe\u4f60\u7684\u90ae\u7bb1\uff0c\u518d\u63a8\u5e7f\u5230\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u3002Hostease \u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c VPS \u90fd\u652f\u6301\u81ea\u4e3b\u7ba1\u7406\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a 9100 \u7aef\u53e3\u9650\u5236\u5728\u76d1\u63a7\u673a\u7f51\u6bb5\u5185\u3002\u544a\u8b66\u63a5\u5165\u53ea\u662f\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u540e\u7eed\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u63a5\u5165 Grafana \u505a\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u770b\u677f\u3001\u7528 --collector.systemd<\/code> \u91c7\u96c6\u670d\u52a1\u72b6\u6001\u2014\u2014\u4f46\u5148\u628a”\u6545\u969c\u53d1\u751f\u524d\u6536\u5230\u901a\u77e5”\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u505a\u624e\u5b9e\uff0c\u518d\u5f80\u4e0b\u8d70\u90fd\u4e0d\u8fdf\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u624b\u628a\u624b\u6559\u4f60\u5982\u4f55\u7528 node_exporter \u4e0e Prometheus \u6293\u53d6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u8986\u76d6\u5b89\u88c5\u3001\u6293\u53d6\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e\u6392\u969c\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u5728\u6545\u969c\u53d1\u751f\u524d\u6536\u5230\u9884\u8b66\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":33626,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3822],"tags":[4687,3818,4670,5278,3743],"class_list":["post-33629","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-guides","tag-nodeexporter","tag-prometheus","tag-4670","tag-5278","tag-3743"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/node-exporter-prometheus-server-cover.webp","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33629","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33629"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33629\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":33631,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33629\/revisions\/33631"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/33626"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33629"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33629"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33629"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}