{"id":33500,"date":"2026-10-09T12:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-10-09T04:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/?p=33500"},"modified":"2026-10-09T12:16:00","modified_gmt":"2026-10-09T04:16:00","slug":"server-tcpdump-http-tls","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/tutorials\/server-tcpdump-http-tls\/","title":{"rendered":"tcpdump \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6293\u5305\u5165\u95e8\uff1a\u5b9a\u4f4d HTTP \u8bbf\u95ee\u4e0e TLS \u63e1\u624b\u6545\u969c"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u7f51\u7ad9\u7a81\u7136\u6253\u4e0d\u5f00\u3001\u63a5\u53e3\u8bf7\u6c42\u8d85\u65f6\u3001\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u63d0\u793a\u8bc1\u4e66\u9519\u8bef\u2014\u2014\u5f88\u591a\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u53cd\u5e94\u662f\u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4f46\u95ee\u9898\u5f80\u5f80\u5f88\u5feb\u590d\u73b0\u3002\u65e5\u5fd7\u91cc\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u884c\u6a21\u7cca\u7684 timeout\uff0c\u8c01\u4e5f\u8bf4\u4e0d\u6e05\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u5e95\u5361\u5728\u54ea\u4e00\u73af\u3002\u672c\u6587\u6559\u4f60\u5982\u4f55\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6293\u5305\u5de5\u5177 tcpdump\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u89c2\u5bdf\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u5b9a\u4f4d HTTP \u8bbf\u95ee\u5f02\u5e38\u4e0e TLS\uff08\u5b89\u5168\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\uff09\u63e1\u624b\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u4f60\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u662f <a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/vps\/\">VPS<\/a>\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/vps\/\">\u865a\u62df\u4e13\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/a>\uff09\u8fd8\u662f<a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/dedicated-server\/\">\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/a>\uff08\u72ec\u4eab\u6574\u53f0\u7269\u7406\u673a\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u9879\u6280\u80fd\u90fd\u80fd\u5728\u65e5\u5fd7\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ed9\u51fa\u7b54\u6848\u65f6\u5e2e\u4f60\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/server-tcpdump-http-tls-cover.webp\" alt=\"tcpdump \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6293\u5305\u5c01\u9762\u914d\u56fe\uff1a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u88ab\u653e\u5927\u955c\u6355\u83b7\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6293\u5305\u6bd4\u770b\u65e5\u5fd7\u66f4\u80fd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u95ee\u9898<\/h2>\n<p>\u65e5\u5fd7\u544a\u8bc9\u4f60&#8221;\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48&#8221;\uff0c\u6293\u5305\u544a\u8bc9\u4f60&#8221;\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u5b9e\u9645\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48&#8221;\u3002\u4e24\u8005\u7ecf\u5e38\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff1a\u5e94\u7528\u65e5\u5fd7\u663e\u793a\u8bf7\u6c42\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u51fa\uff0c\u6293\u5305\u5374\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u73b0\u8bf7\u6c42\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u5230\u8fbe\u5bf9\u7aef\uff1b\u65e5\u5fd7\u62a5\u9519\u8fde\u63a5\u8d85\u65f6\uff0c\u6293\u5305\u5374\u80fd\u770b\u51fa TCP\uff08\u4f20\u8f93\u63a7\u5236\u534f\u8bae\uff09\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u53ea\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u524d\u4e24\u6b65\u5c31\u88ab\u5bf9\u7aef\u91cd\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5178\u578b\u7684\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\u6709\u4e09\u7c7b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u7c7b\u662f\u8bbf\u95ee\u8d85\u65f6\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u53cd\u9988\u9875\u9762\u5076\u5c14\u6253\u4e0d\u5f00\uff0c\u4f46\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d1f\u8f7d\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\u90fd\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u6293\u5305\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230 SYN\uff08\u8fde\u63a5\u53d1\u8d77\u5305\uff09\u53d1\u51fa\u540e\u662f\u5426\u6536\u5230\u56de\u5e94\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5224\u65ad\u4e22\u5305\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u54ea\u4e00\u4fa7\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7c7b\u662f HTTPS \u63e1\u624b\u5931\u8d25\uff1a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u62a5 ERR_SSL_PROTOCOL_ERROR\uff0c\u6293\u5305\u80fd\u786e\u8ba4 ClientHello\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u95ee\u5019\u5305\uff09\u53d1\u51fa\u540e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u65ad\u5f00\u8fd8\u662f\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86\u5f02\u5e38\u544a\u8b66\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u7c7b\u662f\u6d41\u91cf\u88ab\u52ab\u6301\u6216\u5e72\u6270\uff1a\u54cd\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6\uff0c\u6293\u5305\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u771f\u5b9e\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u548c\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u914d\u5408 DNS\uff08\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09\u89e3\u6790\u8bb0\u5f55\u6bd4\u5bf9\uff0c\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u89e3\u6790\u6c61\u67d3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6293\u5305\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u4f60\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684 SSH\uff08\u5b89\u5168\u5916\u58f3\u534f\u8bae\uff09\u767b\u5f55\u6743\u9650\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f Hostease \u7684 VPS \u6216\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u90fd\u5177\u5907 root \u6743\u9650\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u6267\u884c\u4e0b\u6587\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1b\u90e8\u5206 managed \u4e3b\u673a\u9762\u677f\u73af\u5883\u5219\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u5e95\u5c42\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6293\u5305\u524d\u5efa\u8bae\u5148\u786e\u8ba4\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>tcpdump \u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u57fa\u7840\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n<p>tcpdump \u5728\u4e3b\u6d41\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e2d\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u4ee5 CentOS\/AlmaLinux \u4e3a\u4f8b\u6267\u884c <code>yum install -y tcpdump<\/code>\uff0cUbuntu\/Debian \u6267\u884c <code>apt install -y tcpdump<\/code>\u3002\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u5148\u8bb0\u4f4f\u4e09\u6761\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76d1\u63a7 80 \u7aef\u53e3\u7684 HTTP \u8bbf\u95ee\u6d41\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">tcpdump -i eth0 -nn port 80\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u628a\u6293\u5305\u7ed3\u679c\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f9b Wireshark \u7b49\u56fe\u5f62\u5de5\u5177\u79bb\u7ebf\u5206\u6790\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">tcpdump -i eth0 -nn port 443 -w \/tmp\/tls_capture.pcap\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u53ea\u770b\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6765\u6e90 IP \u7684\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u786e\u8ba4\u5355\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">tcpdump -i eth0 -nn host 203.0.113.50\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u51e0\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u9700\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u6e05\u695a\uff1a<code>-i eth0<\/code> \u6307\u5b9a\u7f51\u5361\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 <code>ip addr<\/code> \u5148\u786e\u8ba4\u5bf9\u5916\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u7f51\u5361\u540d\uff1b<code>-nn<\/code> \u7981\u6b62\u628a IP \u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u53cd\u5411\u89e3\u6790\u6210\u57df\u540d\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u540d\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u6293\u5305\u52a8\u4f5c\u672c\u8eab\u4ea7\u751f\u989d\u5916\u7684 DNS \u67e5\u8be2\uff1b<code>-w<\/code> \u5199\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u5efa\u8bae\u52a0\u4e0a <code>-s 0<\/code>\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5b8c\u6574\u6355\u83b7\u6570\u636e\u5305\u800c\u4e0d\u622a\u65ad\u3002\u6293\u5305\u662f\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u590d\u73b0\u540e\u8bb0\u5f97\u6309 Ctrl+C \u53ca\u65f6\u505c\u6b62\uff0c\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u5168\u91cf\u6293\u5305\u4f1a\u5feb\u901f\u5360\u6ee1\u78c1\u76d8\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5e26\u5bbd\uff08\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u8f93\u80fd\u529b\uff09\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u7d27\u5f20\u7684\u5c0f\u578b VPS\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7528 tcpdump \u5b9a\u4f4d HTTP \u8bbf\u95ee\u8d85\u65f6<\/h2>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u7528\u6237\u53cd\u9988\uff1a\u8bbf\u95ee\u4f60\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u5076\u53d1\u6027\u8d85\u65f6\uff0cNginx \u65e5\u5fd7\u91cc\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u6309&#8221;\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u5426\u5230\u8fbe\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#8221;\u5206\u4e24\u6b65\u6392\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u5426\u5230\u8fbe\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7f51\u5361\u3002\u5728\u7528\u6237\u590d\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65f6\u6bb5\u6267\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">tcpdump -i eth0 -nn port 80 and host 203.0.113.50\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u770b\u5230 <code>203.0.113.50.xxxx &gt; \u670d\u52a1\u5668IP.80: Flags [S]<\/code>\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u5df2\u5230\u8fbe\uff1b\u82e5\u968f\u540e\u51fa\u73b0 <code>Flags [S.]<\/code>\uff08\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u540c\u610f\u8fde\u63a5\uff09\uff0c\u63a5\u7740 <code>[.]<\/code>\uff08\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u4e92\uff09\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e TCP \u5c42\u4e00\u5207\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\uff0c\u5e94\u8f6c\u53bb\u6392\u67e5 Nginx \u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u6216\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u6709 <code>[S]<\/code> \u53cd\u590d\u51fa\u73b0\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u56de\u5e94\uff0c\u5219\u662f SYN \u4e22\u5305\uff0c\u91cd\u70b9\u68c0\u67e5\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u9650\u5236\u3001CC \u9632\u62a4\u9608\u503c\u6216\u4e0a\u6e38\u7f51\u7edc\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff0c\u770b HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u52a0\u4e0a <code>-A<\/code> \u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5 ASCII \u5f62\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\u6570\u636e\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">tcpdump -i eth0 -nn port 80 -A | grep -E &quot;Host:|GET|HTTP\/1&quot;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u770b\u5230\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684 Host \u5934\u548c\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u66fe\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9645\u6848\u4f8b\uff1a\u5916\u8d38\u7ad9\u957f\u53cd\u9988\u7f51\u7ad9\u5076\u5c14\u6253\u5f00\u5f88\u6162\uff0c\u6293\u5305\u53d1\u73b0\u6bcf\u6b21\u6162\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u6765\u6e90 IP \u90fd\u5148\u53d1\u8d77\u4e86\u51e0\u5341\u4e2a\u5e76\u53d1\u8fde\u63a5\u2014\u2014\u6700\u7ec8\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e3a\u67d0\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u722c\u866b\u5e76\u53d1\u8fc7\u9ad8\u89e6\u53d1\u4e86\u9650\u901f\u3002\u50cf\u8fd9\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5355\u7eaf\u770b\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u8017\u65f6\u5206\u4f4d\u6570\u5f88\u96be\u53d1\u73b0\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u6293\u5305\u51e0\u5206\u949f\u540e\u539f\u56e0\u5c31\u6e05\u695a\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u5177\u4f53\u73af\u8282\u540e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u74f6\u9888\u662f\u540e\u7aef\u5904\u7406\u6162\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408 <a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/guides\/ttfb-hosting-optimization\/\">TTFB \u4e0e\u4e3b\u673a\u4f18\u5316<\/a> \u4e00\u6587\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u7ee7\u7eed\u538b\u7f29\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u662f\u8fde\u63a5\u88ab\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u62e6\u4e0b\uff0c\u5219\u53c2\u8003<a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/server\/\">\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u5206\u7c7b\u4e0b\u7684\u8fd0\u7ef4\u6587\u7ae0<\/a>\u8c03\u6574\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/server-tcpdump-http-tls-timeout.webp\" alt=\"HTTP \u8bbf\u95ee\u8d85\u65f6\u793a\u610f\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5728\u5230\u8fbe\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u524d\u88ab\u963b\u65ad\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>\u7528 tcpdump \u6392\u67e5 TLS \u63e1\u624b\u5931\u8d25<\/h2>\n<p>HTTPS \u7f51\u7ad9\u62a5\u9519\u65f6\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u63d0\u793a\u5f80\u5f80\u5f88\u7b3c\u7edf\u3002\u6293\u5305\u80fd\u56de\u7b54\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u63e1\u624b\u5230\u5e95\u5931\u8d25\u5728\u54ea\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u5e38\u7684 TLS \u63e1\u624b\u5305\u542b\u56db\u6b65\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001 ClientHello\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56de ServerHello \u5e76\u9644\u5e26\u8bc1\u4e66\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8bc1\u4e66\u540e\u4ea4\u6362\u5bc6\u94a5\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u53cc\u65b9\u751f\u6210\u4f1a\u8bdd\u5bc6\u94a5\u5e76\u5b8c\u6210\u63e1\u624b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5148\u6293\u53d6 443 \u7aef\u53e3\u6d41\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">tcpdump -i eth0 -nn port 443 -w \/tmp\/tls_debug.pcap\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u590d\u73b0\u4e00\u6b21\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u62a5\u9519\u540e\u505c\u6b62\u6293\u5305\uff0c\u5148\u770b\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u63e1\u624b\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u51e0\u79cd\u5178\u578b\u73b0\u8c61\u548c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5411\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u53ea\u6709 ClientHello\uff08\u5bf9\u5e94 <code>Flags [S]<\/code> \u63e1\u624b\u540e\u51fa\u73b0\u52a0\u5bc6\u5185\u5bb9\u5305\u4f46\u7acb\u5373 <code>Flags [F]<\/code> \u6216 <code>[R]<\/code> \u65ad\u5f00\uff09\uff1a\u5927\u6982\u7387\u662f\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7248\u672c\u8fc7\u65e7\u6216 SNI\uff08\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u540d\u79f0\u6307\u793a\uff09\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef TLS \u7248\u672c\u4e0e\u7ad9\u70b9\u8bc1\u4e66\u57df\u540d\u3002<\/li>\n<li>ServerHello \u540e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u76f4\u63a5\u53d1\u9001\u65ad\u5f00\u5305\uff1a\u591a\u4e3a\u8bc1\u4e66\u94fe\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6574\uff0c\u7528 <code>openssl s_client -connect \u57df\u540d:443 -servername \u57df\u540d<\/code> \u6838\u5bf9\u8bc1\u4e66\u94fe\u8fd4\u56de\uff1b\u8fd9\u91cc\u6392\u67e5\u7684\u6b63\u662f SSL\uff08\u5b89\u5168\u5957\u63a5\u5c42\uff0cTLS \u7684\u524d\u8eab\uff09\u65f6\u4ee3\u9057\u7559\u7684\u8bc1\u4e66\u914d\u7f6e\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56de TLS \u544a\u8b66\u5305\uff08\u6293\u5305\u663e\u793a Alert \u5185\u5bb9\uff09\uff1a\u5bf9\u7167\u544a\u8b66\u7c7b\u578b\uff0ccertificate_expired \u8868\u793a\u8bc1\u4e66\u8fc7\u671f\uff0chandshake_failure \u5e38\u89c1\u4e8e\u52a0\u5bc6\u5957\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u6574 Nginx \u7684 <code>ssl_protocols<\/code> \u4e0e <code>ssl_ciphers<\/code> \u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709\u5230\u8fbe\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u63e1\u624b\u5305\uff1a\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u672c\u5730\u7f51\u7edc\u6216\u4e2d\u95f4\u94fe\u8def\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u843d\u5730 pcap \u6587\u4ef6\u540e\uff0c\u628a <code>\/tmp\/tls_debug.pcap<\/code> \u4e0b\u8f7d\u5230\u672c\u5730\u7528 Wireshark \u6253\u5f00\uff0c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6761\u4ef6\u8f93\u5165 <code>tls.handshake<\/code>\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u63e1\u624b\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u8017\u65f6\u3001\u8bc1\u4e66\u5185\u5bb9\u90fd\u4e00\u76ee\u4e86\u7136\u3002\u8bc1\u4e66\u8fc7\u671f\u8fd9\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u5176\u5b9e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u524d\u5c31\u907f\u514d\uff1a\u5efa\u8bae\u5f00\u542f\u8bc1\u4e66\u5230\u671f\u76d1\u63a7\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u9009\u62e9\u9ed8\u8ba4\u96c6\u6210\u81ea\u52a8\u7b7e\u53d1\u8bc1\u4e66\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u73af\u5883\u6258\u7ba1\u7ad9\u70b9\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4eba\u5de5\u7eed\u671f\u7684\u9057\u6f0f\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/server-tcpdump-http-tls-handshake.webp\" alt=\"TLS \u63e1\u624b\u56db\u6b65\u4ea4\u6362\u793a\u610f\uff1a\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b65\u5931\u8d25\u4ee5\u7ea2\u8272\u65ad\u5757\u6807\u51fa\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>\u5b9e\u7528\u6280\u5de7\u4e0e\u5e38\u89c1\u8bef\u533a<\/h2>\n<p>\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\uff0c\u51e0\u4e2a\u8fdb\u9636\u6280\u5de7\u80fd\u660e\u663e\u63d0\u5347\u6392\u67e5\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u6279\u65b0\u624b\u5bb9\u6613\u8e29\u7684\u5751\u9700\u8981\u907f\u5f00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6280\u5de7\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u662f\u7ec4\u5408\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6761\u4ef6\u7f29\u5c0f\u8303\u56f4\uff1a<code>tcpdump -nn port 443 and not src 192.168.1.10<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u6392\u9664\u5df2\u77e5\u65e0\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u5185\u7f51\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u8f93\u51fa\u88ab\u6df9\u6ca1\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u662f\u9650\u5236\u6293\u5305\u6570\u91cf\u81ea\u52a8\u505c\u6b62\uff1a<code>tcpdump -nn -c 500 port 80<\/code> \u6293\u6ee1 500 \u4e2a\u5305\u81ea\u52a8\u9000\u51fa\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u6302\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u5b9a\u65f6\u6536\u96c6\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u662f\u6309\u65f6\u95f4\u7a97\u53e3\u7559\u8bc1\uff1a\u914d\u5408 <code>-G 300 -w \/tmp\/cap_%H%M.pcap<\/code>\uff0c\u6bcf 5 \u5206\u949f\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u4e8b\u540e\u5bf9\u9f50\u6545\u969c\u65f6\u523b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bef\u533a\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e09\u70b9\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5728\u9519\u8bef\u7f51\u5361\u4e0a\u6293\u5305\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6709\u591a\u5757\u7f51\u5361\u65f6\uff0c\u6293 loopback \u6216\u5185\u7f51\u5361\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u516c\u7f51\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u5148\u7528 <code>ip addr<\/code> \u786e\u8ba4\u5165\u7ad9\u7f51\u5361\u518d\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5fd8\u8bb0\u6392\u9664\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 SSH \u8fde\u63a5\uff1a<code>tcpdump -nn port 80 or port 443 and not port 22<\/code>\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u6ee1\u5c4f\u90fd\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u5fc3\u8df3\u5305\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u9ad8\u5cf0\u671f\u505a\u5168\u91cf\u6293\u5305\uff1a\u9ad8\u6d41\u91cf\u673a\u5668\u5168\u91cf\u6293\u5305\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u660e\u663e CPU\uff08\u5904\u7406\u5668\uff09\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u59cb\u7ec8\u52a0\u7aef\u53e3\u6216 IP \u8fc7\u6ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u9650\u5236 <code>-c<\/code> \u5305\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5173\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u8fb9\u754c\u4e5f\u8981\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u6293\u5305\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\u5305\u542b\u8bbf\u95ee\u8005\u7684 IP\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42\u8def\u5f84\u7b49\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u843d\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u5e94\u5b58\u653e\u5728 <code>\/tmp<\/code> \u7b49\u4e34\u65f6\u76ee\u5f55\u5e76\u5c3d\u5feb\u6e05\u7406\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u957f\u671f\u4fdd\u7559\u6216\u5bf9\u5916\u5206\u4eab\u539f\u59cb pcap\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6392\u67e5\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38\u6765\u6e90\u96c6\u4e2d\uff0c\u540e\u7eed\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u5728\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u89c1 <a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/dedicated-server\/\">\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65b9\u6848<\/a>\uff09\u4e0a\u90e8\u7f72\u66f4\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u7684\u9632\u62a4\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u628a\u5e72\u6270\u6d41\u91cf\u6321\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u4e4b\u524d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/server-tcpdump-http-tls-pcap.webp\" alt=\"pcap \u79bb\u7ebf\u5206\u6790\u793a\u610f\uff1a\u653e\u5927\u955c\u805a\u7126\u5f02\u5e38\u6570\u636e\u884c\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>\u603b\u7ed3\u4e0e\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u5efa\u8bae<\/h2>\n<p>tcpdump \u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u5728\u4e8e\u628a&#8221;\u731c\u95ee\u9898&#8221;\u53d8\u6210&#8221;\u770b\u95ee\u9898&#8221;\uff1aHTTP \u8d85\u65f6\u5148\u786e\u8ba4\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u5426\u5230\u8fbe\u7f51\u5361\uff0cTLS \u63e1\u624b\u5931\u8d25\u5148\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5361\u5728\u54ea\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u6a21\u7cca\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6545\u969c\u90fd\u80fd\u5728\u51e0\u5206\u949f\u7684\u6293\u5305\u91cc\u73b0\u51fa\u539f\u5f62\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ed9\u4f60\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u884c\u52a8\u5efa\u8bae\u662f\uff1a\u5148\u5728\u4e00\u53f0\u6d4b\u8bd5\u673a\u4e0a\u628a\u672c\u6587\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u547d\u4ee4\u8dd1\u4e00\u904d\uff0c\u719f\u6089 Flags \u6807\u5fd7\u548c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1b\u7136\u540e\u5728\u5e38\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u9884\u88c5 tcpdump \u5e76\u5199\u597d\u4e24\u6761\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u522b\u540d\uff0c\u6545\u969c\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\u5c31\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u5165\u6293\u5305\u53d6\u8bc1\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u53f0\u6743\u9650\u5b8c\u6574\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u8d28\u91cf\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u7ec3\u4e60\u6216\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u5b8c\u6574 root \u6743\u9650\u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/vps\/\">VPS \u4e3b\u673a<\/a> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u9002\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u5f00\u901a\u4e00\u53f0\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6392\u67e5\u6f14\u7ec3\u673a\u3002\u9047\u5230\u590d\u6742\u7f51\u7edc\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u628a\u6293\u5230\u7684 pcap \u6587\u4ef6\u8fde\u540c\u6545\u969c\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u4e00\u8d77\u4ea4\u7ed9\u4e3b\u673a\u5546\u7684\u6280\u672f\u652f\u6301\u56e2\u961f\uff0c\u80fd\u57fa\u4e8e\u771f\u5b9e\u6570\u636e\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u5feb\u3001\u66f4\u51c6\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6559\u4f60\u5982\u4f55\u7528 tcpdump \u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u6293\u5305\uff0c\u5b9a\u4f4d HTTP \u8bbf\u95ee\u8d85\u65f6\u4e0e TLS \u63e1\u624b\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u53ef\u590d\u5236\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0e\u6392\u67e5\u601d\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":33496,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4099],"tags":[303,5214,292,5215,5216],"class_list":["post-33500","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tutorials","tag-http","tag-tcpdump","tag-tls","tag-5215","tag-5216"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/server-tcpdump-http-tls-cover.webp","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33500","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33500"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33500\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":33512,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33500\/revisions\/33512"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/33496"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33500"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33500"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33500"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}