{"id":33369,"date":"2026-09-22T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-09-22T02:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/?p=33369"},"modified":"2026-09-23T13:59:25","modified_gmt":"2026-09-23T05:59:25","slug":"bandwidth-iftop-nethogs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/guides\/bandwidth-iftop-nethogs\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5e26\u5bbd\u8dd1\u6ee1\u6392\u67e5\uff1a\u7528 iftop \u4e0e nethogs \u5b9a\u4f4d\u5f02\u5e38\u6d41\u91cf\u6765\u6e90"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e26\u5bbd\u7a81\u7136\u88ab\u5403\u6ee1\uff0c\u7f51\u7ad9\u6253\u5f00\u7f13\u6162\u3001SSH \u5361\u987f\u751a\u81f3\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fde\u4e0d\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5f88\u591a\u7ad9\u957f\u90fd\u9047\u5230\u8fc7\u7684\u7d27\u6025\u72b6\u51b5\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5982\u4f55\u5e2e\u4f60\u89e3\u51b3\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u7ed9\u4f60\u4e00\u5957\u4ece&#8221;\u603b\u5e26\u5bbd\u5f02\u5e38&#8221;\u5230&#8221;\u5177\u4f53\u8fdb\u7a0b\/\u8fde\u63a5&#8221;\u7684\u6392\u67e5\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u7528 iftop\uff08\u5b9e\u65f6\u6309\u8fde\u63a5\u7edf\u8ba1\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\uff09\u548c nethogs\uff08\u6309\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7edf\u8ba1\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\uff09\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5f02\u5e38\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u5e76\u533a\u5206\u6b63\u5e38\u4e1a\u52a1\u9ad8\u5cf0\u3001\u722c\u866b\u6293\u53d6\u548c\u6076\u610f\u5916\u8054\u4e09\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u51ed\u611f\u89c9\u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5374\u8ba9\u95ee\u9898\u53cd\u590d\u51fa\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6392\u67e5\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u8def\u662f\u4e09\u5c42\u6536\u655b\uff1a\u5148\u786e\u8ba4\u5e26\u5bbd\u786e\u5b9e\u8dd1\u6ee1\uff0c\u518d\u5b9a\u4f4d\u662f\u54ea\u4e9b\u8fde\u63a5\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5f52\u56e0\u5230\u5177\u4f53\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u4e1a\u52a1\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u6392\u67e5\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u8df3\u8fc7\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c42\u76f4\u63a5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5728\u51e0\u5341\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u91cc\u65e0\u4ece\u4e0b\u624b\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u6309\u8fd9\u4e2a\u987a\u5e8f\u5c55\u5f00\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u786e\u8ba4\u5e26\u5bbd\u771f\u7684\u8dd1\u6ee1\u4e86<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u52a8\u624b\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u62ff\u5230\u5ba2\u89c2\u6570\u636e\u3002\u767b\u5f55\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u540e\uff0c\u5148\u770b\u7f51\u5361\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u901f\u7387\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u6bcf\u79d2\u5237\u65b0\u4e00\u6b21\u7f51\u5361\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf\u63a5\u6536\u4e0e\u53d1\u9001\u901f\u7387\nsar -n DEV 1 5\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5173\u6ce8 <code>rxKB\/s<\/code> \u548c <code>txKB\/s<\/code> \u4e24\u5217\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u4f60\u8d2d\u4e70\u7684\u662f 100Mbps\uff08\u5146\u6bd4\u7279\u6bcf\u79d2\uff09\u5e26\u5bbd\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u541e\u5410\u4e0a\u9650\u7ea6 12.5MB\/s\uff0c\u6362\u7b97\u6210 KB\/s \u5927\u7ea6\u662f 12800\u3002\u5982\u679c <code>txKB\/s<\/code> \u957f\u671f\u8d34\u8fd1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u51fa\u7ad9\u5e26\u5bbd\u786e\u5b9e\u8dd1\u6ee1\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u662f <code>rxKB\/s<\/code> \u9ad8\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u5165\u7ad9\u65b9\u5411\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u786e\u8ba4\u5de5\u5177\u662f vnstat\uff0c\u5b83\u9002\u5408\u770b\u8d8b\u52bf\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u77ac\u65f6\u503c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u5929\u7684\u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u5e03\nvnstat -d\nvnstat -h\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\u663e\u793a\u6700\u8fd1 24 \u5c0f\u65f6\u6d41\u91cf\u6bd4\u5e73\u65f6\u9ad8\u51fa 5 \u5230 10 \u500d\uff0c\u4e14\u589e\u957f\u8d77\u70b9\u660e\u786e\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u51cc\u6668 3 \u70b9\u7a81\u7136\u5f00\u59cb\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u4fe1\u53f7\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u662f\u968f\u4e1a\u52a1\u65f6\u95f4\u5e73\u6ed1\u4e0a\u6da8\uff0c\u5219\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6b63\u5e38\u4e1a\u52a1\u589e\u957f\u6216\u88ab\u722c\u866b\u6301\u7eed\u6293\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u51b3\u5b9a\u540e\u7eed\u65b9\u5411\uff1a\u786e\u8ba4\u8dd1\u6ee1\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u8fdb\u5165\u8fde\u63a5\u7ea7\u5b9a\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bandwidth-iftop-nethogs-cover.webp\" alt=\"\u5e26\u5bbd\u8dd1\u6ee1\u6392\u67e5\u601d\u8def\u793a\u610f\uff1a\u4ece\u7f51\u5361\u603b\u6d41\u91cf\u5230\u8fde\u63a5\u518d\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4e09\u5c42\u6536\u655b\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a\u7528 iftop \u627e\u5230\u5360\u7528\u5e26\u5bbd\u7684\u8fde\u63a5<\/h2>\n<p>iftop \u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u5728\u4e8e\u628a\u7f51\u5361\u6d41\u91cf\u62c6\u5230\u6bcf\u4e00\u6761 TCP\/UDP \u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u8ba9\u4f60\u76f4\u63a5\u770b\u5230&#8221;\u8c01\u5728\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bf4\u8bdd&#8221;\u3002\u5b89\u88c5\u5e76\u542f\u52a8\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># Debian\/Ubuntu\napt install iftop -y\n# CentOS\/AlmaLinux\nyum install epel-release -y &amp;&amp; yum install iftop -y\n\n# \u76d1\u542c eth0 \u7f51\u5361\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u663e\u793a IP \u4e0d\u505a\u53cd\u5411\u89e3\u6790\uff08\u907f\u514d DNS \u67e5\u8be2\u62d6\u6162\u5237\u65b0\uff09\niftop -i eth0 -n -P\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u5173\u952e\uff1a<code>-i<\/code> \u6307\u5b9a\u6d41\u91cf\u6700\u5927\u7684\u7f51\u5361\uff08\u7528 <code>sar<\/code> \u8f93\u51fa\u91cc\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u540d\uff09\uff1b<code>-n<\/code> \u7981\u6b62\u57df\u540d\u53cd\u67e5\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u6bcf\u884c\u5237\u65b0\u90fd\u4f1a\u5148\u505a\u4e00\u6b21 DNS\uff08\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u5728\u9ad8\u6d41\u91cf\u65f6\u754c\u9762\u4f1a\u5361\u4f4f\uff1b<code>-P<\/code> \u663e\u793a\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u7aef\u53e3\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u5224\u65ad\u6d41\u91cf\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7f51\u7ad9\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fd8\u662f\u522b\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fdb\u5165\u754c\u9762\u540e\uff0c\u91cd\u70b9\u770b\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u6309 <code>T<\/code> \u952e\u5207\u6362\u4e3a\u7d2f\u8ba1\u6d41\u91cf\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf\u53d1\u9001\uff08<code>&lt;=<\/code> \u65b9\u5411\uff09\u6700\u5927\u7684\u524d\u51e0\u6761\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u76ee\u6807\u7aef\u53e3\u662f 443\/80\uff0c\u4e14\u5bf9\u7aef IP \u6570\u91cf\u6210\u767e\u4e0a\u5343\uff1a\u50cf\u662f\u6b63\u5e38\u7f51\u7ad9\u6d41\u91cf\u6216\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u722c\u866b\u6293\u53d6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5355\u4e2a\u964c\u751f IP \u72ec\u5360\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u51fa\u7ad9\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u7aef\u53e3\u968f\u673a\uff1a\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53ef\u7591\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5916\u6cc4\u6216\u88ab\u5f53\u4f5c\u8df3\u677f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5bf9\u7aef\u5168\u90e8\u662f\u5185\u7f51 IP\uff0810.x \/ 172.16-31.x \/ 192.168.x\uff09\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u540c\u6b65\u3001\u5907\u4efd\u4efb\u52a1\u7b49\u5185\u90e8\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u662f\u8ba1\u5212\u5185\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u60f3\u628a\u73b0\u573a\u6570\u636e\u4fdd\u7559\u4e0b\u6765\u7ed9\u540c\u4e8b\u6216\u670d\u52a1\u5546\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6587\u672c\u6a21\u5f0f\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u8f93\u51fa 10 \u884c\u3001\u6bcf 2 \u79d2\u5237\u65b0\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u6587\u672c\u7ed3\u679c\niftop -i eth0 -n -P -t -s 10 &gt; \/tmp\/iftop-snapshot.txt\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u62ff\u5230\u53ef\u7591 IP \u5217\u8868\u540e\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u5c31\u662f\u56de\u7b54&#8221;\u662f\u54ea\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u8ddf\u8fd9\u4e9b IP \u901a\u4fe1&#8221;\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bandwidth-iftop-nethogs-connection-view.webp\" alt=\"iftop \u8fde\u63a5\u7ea7\u6d41\u91cf\u89c6\u56fe\uff1a\u6a59\u8272\u8fde\u63a5\u6761\u5360\u636e\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5e26\u5bbd\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff1a\u7528 nethogs \u628a\u8fde\u63a5\u5f52\u56e0\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/h2>\n<p>iftop \u544a\u8bc9\u4f60&#8221;\u54ea\u6761\u8fde\u63a5&#8221;\uff0cnethogs \u544a\u8bc9\u4f60&#8221;\u54ea\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b&#8221;\u3002\u4e24\u4e2a\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u4e92\u8865\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e00\u4e0d\u53ef\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># Debian\/Ubuntu\napt install nethogs -y\n# CentOS\/AlmaLinux\nyum install epel-release -y &amp;&amp; yum install nethogs -y\n\n# \u6bcf 1 \u79d2\u5237\u65b0\uff0c\u76d1\u542c eth0\nnethogs eth0 -d 1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>nethogs \u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u6309\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u5305\u542b PID\u3001\u7528\u6237\u3001\u53d1\u9001\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u901f\u7387\u3002\u6309 <code>m<\/code> \u952e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5faa\u73af\u5207\u6362\u663e\u793a\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u901f\u7387 \/ \u7d2f\u8ba1\u6d41\u91cf \/ \u603b\u91cf\uff09\uff0c\u6392\u67e5\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u5efa\u8bae\u770b\u7d2f\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u77ac\u65f6\u6ce2\u52a8\u8bef\u5bfc\u5224\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\u67d0\u4e2a\u4e0d\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u968f\u673a\u547d\u540d\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u4f4d\u4e8e <code>\/tmp<\/code> \u4e0b\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\u5360\u636e\u4e86\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u5148\u786e\u8ba4\u5b83\u7684\u771f\u8eab\u518d\u5904\u7406\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8be6\u60c5\uff1a\u542f\u52a8\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u8def\u5f84\u3001\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\nls -l \/proc\/&lt;PID&gt;\/exe\ncat \/proc\/&lt;PID&gt;\/cmdline | tr '\\0' ' '; echo\nps -o pid,ppid,user,lstart,cmd -p &lt;PID&gt;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e3e\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u573a\u666f\uff1a\u4e00\u53f0 WordPress \u7ad9\u70b9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u51cc\u6668\u5e26\u5bbd\u8dd1\u6ee1\uff0ciftop \u663e\u793a\u51fa\u7ad9\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d77\u5916 IP \u7684\u968f\u673a\u9ad8\u7aef\u53e3\u8fde\u63a5\uff0cnethogs \u5f52\u56e0\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u4e8e <code>\/tmp\/.x\/<\/code> \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u672a\u77e5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u5178\u578b\u7684\u6316\u77ff\u6216\u4ee3\u7406\u6728\u9a6c\u7279\u5f81\u2014\u2014\u5904\u7406\u987a\u5e8f\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u5148 <code>kill &lt;PID&gt;<\/code> \u6b62\u8840\u3001\u518d\u7528 <code>find \/tmp -type f -executable<\/code> \u6e05\u7406\u6b8b\u7559\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u6539\u5bc6\u94a5\u3001\u67e5\u5165\u4fb5\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u53ea\u91cd\u542f\u4e86\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\uff0c\u5982\u679c nethogs \u663e\u793a\u5360\u7528\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u662f <code>php-fpm<\/code>\u3001<code>nginx<\/code> \u6216 <code>mysqldump<\/code> \u8fd9\u7c7b\u6b63\u5e38\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u6d41\u91cf\u6765\u81ea\u4e1a\u52a1\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c31\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u2014\u2014\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u6211\u4eec\u6309\u573a\u666f\u7ed9\u51fa\u5904\u7f6e\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/bandwidth-iftop-nethogs-process-view.webp\" alt=\"nethogs \u8fdb\u7a0b\u5f52\u56e0\uff1a\u6b63\u5e38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0e\u53ef\u7591\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u7ebf\u5bf9\u6bd4\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>\u4e09\u79cd\u5178\u578b\u573a\u666f\u7684\u5904\u7f6e\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h2>\n<p>\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u6765\u6e90\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6309\u6027\u8d28\u9009\u62e9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5904\u7f6e\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u8fd9\u6bd4\u76f2\u76ee\u91cd\u542f\u6709\u6548\u5f97\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u573a\u666f\u4e00\uff1a\u6b63\u5e38\u4e1a\u52a1\u9ad8\u5cf0\u3002<\/strong> \u5224\u65ad\u4f9d\u636e\u662f\u6d41\u91cf\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728 443\/80 \u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u5bf9\u7aef IP \u5206\u6563\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0e\u4f60\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u66f2\u7ebf\u543b\u5408\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u7684\u5e94\u5bf9\u662f\u5bb9\u91cf\u89c4\u5212\u800c\u4e0d\u662f&#8221;\u5835&#8221;\uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u6d41\u91cf\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u63a5\u8fd1\u5957\u9910\u4e0a\u9650\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u5347\u7ea7\u5e26\u5bbd\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u7ad9\u70b9\u8dd1\u5728 <a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/vps\/\">VPS<\/a>\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/vps\/\">\u865a\u62df\u4e13\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/a>\uff09\u4e0a\u4e14\u8fd1\u671f\u8bbf\u95ee\u91cf\u660e\u663e\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u6211\u4eec\u6574\u7406\u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/tutorials\/iperf3-bandwidth-deployment\/\">iperf3 \u5e26\u5bbd\u5b9e\u6d4b\u65b9\u6cd5<\/a>\uff0c\u5148\u5b9e\u6d4b\u786e\u8ba4\u771f\u5b9e\u53ef\u7528\u5e26\u5bbd\u518d\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u6269\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u573a\u666f\u4e8c\uff1a\u722c\u866b\u6216\u91c7\u96c6\u6293\u53d6\u3002<\/strong> \u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u6d41\u91cf\u5927\u4f46 CPU \u4e0d\u9ad8\u3001\u8bbf\u95ee\u8def\u5f84\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u6279 URL\u3002\u5148\u5728\u7f51\u7ad9\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u5fd7\u91cc\u7edf\u8ba1 UA\uff08User-Agent\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6807\u8bc6\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff09\u548c\u5bf9\u7aef IP \u9891\u6b21\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u662f\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u8718\u86db\u8fd8\u662f\u6076\u610f\u91c7\u96c6\u5668\u3002\u5bf9\u6076\u610f\u6293\u53d6\uff0c\u7528 nginx \u7684 <code>limit_req<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\u9650\u901f\u5373\u53ef\uff1a<code>limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=perip:10m rate=10r\/s;<\/code> \u8fd9\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\u628a\u5355\u4e2a IP \u9650\u5236\u5728\u6bcf\u79d2 10 \u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5bf9\u6b63\u5e38\u7528\u6237\u51e0\u4e4e\u65e0\u611f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u573a\u666f\u4e09\uff1a\u6076\u610f\u5916\u8054\u6216\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/strong> \u5373\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\u91cc\u90a3\u4e9b\u964c\u751f IP + \u672a\u77e5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u3002\u6b62\u8840\u52a8\u4f5c\u662f\u7acb\u523b\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\u65ad\u6389\u5916\u8054\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 <code>nftables<\/code> \u89c4\u5219\uff1a<code>nft add rule inet filter output ip daddr &lt;\u53ef\u7591IP&gt; drop<\/code>\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u53d6\u8bc1\u4e0e\u52a0\u56fa\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003<a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/guides\/cc-attack-emergency-waf-rate-limit-origin-protection\/\">\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u906d\u53d7 CC \u653b\u51fb\u540e\u7684\u5e94\u6025\u5904\u7406<\/a>\u548c <a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/guides\/ddos-attack-emergency-response-guide\/\">DDoS \u653b\u51fb\u5e94\u6025\u54cd\u5e94\u6307\u5357<\/a>\uff0c\u90a3\u91cc\u6709\u5b8c\u6574\u7684 WAF\uff08Web \u5e94\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff09\u4e0e\u9ad8\u9632\u63a5\u5165\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>iftop \u4e0e nethogs \u7684\u5206\u5de5\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h2>\n<p>\u4e24\u4e2a\u5de5\u5177\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u6df7\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u9009\u9519\u5de5\u5177\u4f1a\u6d6a\u8d39\u5b9d\u8d35\u7684\u6392\u67e5\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u7ef4\u5ea6<\/th>\n<th>iftop<\/th>\n<th>nethogs<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u7edf\u8ba1\u5355\u5143<\/td>\n<td>\u5355\u6761\u8fde\u63a5\uff08IP + \u7aef\u53e3\uff09<\/td>\n<td>\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff08PID\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u56de\u7b54\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/td>\n<td>\u8c01\u5728\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u901a\u4fe1<\/td>\n<td>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u54ea\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u901a\u4fe1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u9002\u5408\u573a\u666f<\/td>\n<td>\u5224\u65ad\u6d41\u91cf\u65b9\u5411\u3001\u627e\u53ef\u7591 IP<\/td>\n<td>\u5f52\u56e0\u5230\u4e1a\u52a1\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6216\u6076\u610f\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5c40\u9650<\/td>\n<td>\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540d<\/td>\n<td>\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u5bf9\u7aef IP \u5206\u5e03<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u662f\u628a iftop \u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u5165\u53e3\uff08\u5148\u770b\u65b9\u5411\u548c\u5bf9\u8c61\uff09\uff0cnethogs \u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5165\u53e3\uff08\u518d\u5b9a\u8d23\u4efb\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff09\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u4ea4\u53c9\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u957f\u671f\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5355\u6b21\u6392\u67e5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u90e8\u7f72 <a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/guides\/netdata-realtime-monitoring-deployment\/\">Netdata \u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7<\/a>\uff0c\u628a\u5e26\u5bbd\u5f02\u5e38\u4ece&#8221;\u4e8b\u540e\u6392\u67e5&#8221;\u53d8\u6210&#8221;\u5b9e\u65f6\u544a\u8b66&#8221;\uff1b\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u63a5\u5165\u65b9\u5f0f\u89c1<a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/tutorials\/server-monitoring-alerts\/\">\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u76d1\u63a7\u544a\u8b66\u914d\u7f6e\u5b9e\u8df5<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u6613\u8e29\u7684\u5751\u503c\u5f97\u63d0\u9192\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u524d\u9762\u6709 CDN\uff08\u5185\u5bb9\u5206\u53d1\u7f51\u7edc\uff09\u56de\u6e90\u67b6\u6784\uff0ciftop \u770b\u5230\u7684\u5165\u7ad9\u6d41\u91cf\u53ef\u80fd\u5168\u90e8\u6765\u81ea CDN \u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u51fa\u7ad9\u6d41\u91cf\u624d\u662f\u56de\u6e90\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u62d3\u6251\u4e0b\u4e0d\u8981\u8bef\u5224\u4e3a&#8221;\u88ab\u5927\u91cf IP \u626b\u63cf&#8221;\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u7ed3\u5408\u56de\u6e90\u65e5\u5fd7\u548c\u7f13\u5b58\u547d\u4e2d\u7387\u4e00\u8d77\u770b\uff0c\u76f8\u5173\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003<a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/guides\/multi-layer-cache-architecture\/\">\u591a\u5c42\u7f13\u5b58\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u65e5\u5e38\u9884\u9632\u4e0e\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<p>\u6392\u67e5\u53ea\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u8981\u8ba9\u5e26\u5bbd\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u518d\u53cd\u590d\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u628a\u4e0b\u9762\u51e0\u4ef6\u4e8b\u56fa\u5316\u4e0b\u6765\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7528 vnstat \u505a\u6bcf\u65e5\u6d41\u91cf\u57fa\u7ebf\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u504f\u79bb\u57fa\u7ebf 50% \u4ee5\u4e0a\u65f6\u544a\u8b66\uff0c\u80fd\u63d0\u524d\u6570\u5c0f\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6bcf\u6708\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u6b21 <code>\/tmp<\/code>\u3001<code>\/dev\/shm<\/code> \u4e0b\u662f\u5426\u6709\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6316\u77ff\u6728\u9a6c\u6700\u5e38\u85cf\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\uff08\u5907\u4efd\u3001\u540c\u6b65\uff09\u5c3d\u91cf\u5b89\u6392\u5728\u4e1a\u52a1\u4f4e\u8c37\u65f6\u6bb5\uff0c\u5e76\u7528 <code>ionice<\/code>\/<code>tc<\/code> \u9650\u5236\u5176\u5e26\u5bbd\u5360\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5bf9\u5916\u66b4\u9732\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53ea\u4fdd\u7559\u5fc5\u8981\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5728<a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/guides\/vps-firewall-iptables-nftables-ufw-guide\/\">\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9632\u706b\u5899\u914d\u7f6e\u6307\u5357<\/a>\u4e2d\u6709\u6309\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u6574\u7406\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u6a21\u677f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84\uff1a<code>sar<\/code> \u786e\u8ba4\u5e26\u5bbd\u8dd1\u6ee1 \u2192 <code>iftop -n -P<\/code> \u627e\u5230\u53ef\u7591\u8fde\u63a5 \u2192 <code>nethogs<\/code> \u5f52\u56e0\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b \u2192 \u6309\u4e1a\u52a1\u9ad8\u5cf0\u3001\u722c\u866b\u3001\u6076\u610f\u884c\u4e3a\u4e09\u79cd\u573a\u666f\u5206\u522b\u5904\u7f6e\u3002\u6574\u4e2a\u6d41\u7a0b\u901a\u5e38 10 \u5206\u949f\u5185\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\u6309\u5c42\u6536\u655b\u3001\u4e0d\u8df3\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u53f0\u5e26\u5bbd\u8d28\u91cf\u900f\u660e\u3001\u6d41\u91cf\u8ba1\u8d39\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5efa\u8bae\u5728\u9009\u8d2d\u9636\u6bb5\u5c31\u628a\u5e26\u5bbd\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u72ec\u4eab\/\u5171\u4eab\uff09\u3001\u6708\u6d41\u91cf\u989d\u5ea6\u548c\u8d85\u51fa\u7b56\u7565\u95ee\u6e05\u695a\u3002Hostease \u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/vps\/\">VPS \u4e3b\u673a<\/a>\u4e0e<a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/dedicated-server\/\">\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/a>\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u660e\u786e\u7684\u5e26\u5bbd\u89c4\u683c\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u914d\u5408\u672c\u6587\u7684\u6392\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u65f6\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b9e\u9645\u5230\u624b\u5e26\u5bbd\u662f\u5426\u7b26\u5408\u627f\u8bfa\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e26\u5bbd\u7a81\u7136\u8dd1\u6ee1\u600e\u4e48\u529e\uff1f\u672c\u6587\u6559\u4f60\u7528 iftop \u6293\u8fde\u63a5\u7ea7\u6d41\u91cf\u3001\u7528 nethogs \u6309\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5f52\u56e0\uff0c\u914d\u5408 \/proc 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