{"id":33147,"date":"2026-09-11T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-09-11T02:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/?p=33147"},"modified":"2026-09-14T14:37:53","modified_gmt":"2026-09-14T06:37:53","slug":"linux-server-cis-benchmark","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/guides\/linux-server-cis-benchmark\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u57fa\u7ebf\u81ea\u67e5\uff1aCIS Benchmark \u9ad8\u9891\u9879\u9010\u6761\u843d\u5730"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/linux-server-cis-benchmark-cover.webp\" alt=\"Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u57fa\u7ebf\u81ea\u67e5\u5c01\u9762\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u673a\u67b6\u4e0e\u76fe\u724c\u9632\u62a4\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u53f0\u521a\u88c5\u597d\u7684 Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u914d\u7f6e\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u662f&#8221;\u5f00\u7bb1\u80fd\u7528&#8221;\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f&#8221;\u5f00\u7bb1\u5b89\u5168&#8221;\uff1aroot \u5141\u8bb8\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5bc6\u7801\u767b\u5f55\u3001\u65e7\u5bc6\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u65e0\u9650\u671f\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u5168\u5c40\u53ef\u5199\u76ee\u5f55\u6563\u843d\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u5404\u5904\u3002\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u626b\u63cf\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u65f6\u627e\u7684\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u7528\u4e00\u5957\u516c\u8ba4\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u628a\u4e00\u53f0\u666e\u901a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9010\u6761\u52a0\u56fa\u5230\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6c34\u4f4d\uff1f\u672c\u6587\u4ee5\u4e1a\u754c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5f15\u7528\u7684 CIS Benchmark\uff08\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5b89\u5168\u4e2d\u5fc3\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u914d\u7f6e\u57fa\u7ebf\u6807\u51c6\uff09\u4e3a\u53c2\u7167\uff0c\u6311\u51fa\u5176\u4e2d\u547d\u4e2d\u7387\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u9879\uff0c\u628a\u6bcf\u4e00\u9879\u90fd\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u590d\u5236\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u6b21\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u57fa\u7ebf\u81ea\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u52a8\u624b\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u8bf4\u660e\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u3002CIS Benchmark \u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e00\u4efd\u51e0\u767e\u9875\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u6e05\u5355\uff0c\u6309 1 \u5206\uff08\u5fc5\u987b\uff09\u5230 2 \u5206\uff08\u5efa\u8bae\uff09\u6807\u6ce8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1b\u5168\u91cf\u6267\u884c\u65e2\u4e0d\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u805a\u7126 audit \u5de5\u5177\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u9ad8\u9891\u9879\uff1a\u8ba4\u8bc1\u5165\u53e3\u3001\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u5ba1\u8ba1\u56db\u5927\u7c7b\uff0c\u6bcf\u9879\u90fd\u9075\u5faa&#8221;\u5148\u81ea\u67e5\u3001\u518d\u52a0\u56fa\u3001\u540e\u9a8c\u8bc1&#8221;\u7684\u95ed\u73af\u3002\u66f4\u591a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4fa7\u7684\u8fd0\u7ef4\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u6211\u4eec\u6b64\u524d\u6574\u7406\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/server\/\">\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4e13\u9898<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u7528\u5b98\u65b9\u5de5\u5177\u8dd1\u51fa\u4f60\u7684\u57fa\u7ebf\u5f97\u5206<\/h2>\n<p>CIS \u5b98\u65b9\u63d0\u4f9b\u514d\u8d39\u7684 cis-cat \u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6838\u67e5\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53e6\u6709\u5404\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u751f\u6001\u7684\u7b49\u4ef7\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982 Ubuntu \u7684 usg\u3001OpenSCAP \u4e2d\u7684 CIS \u914d\u7f6e\u96c6\uff09\uff0c\u539f\u7406\u76f8\u540c\uff1a\u9010\u6761\u6bd4\u5bf9\u672c\u673a\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u57fa\u7ebf\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u901a\u8fc7\u3001\u5931\u8d25\u4e0e\u672a\u5ba1\u8ba1\u4e09\u7c7b\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4ee5 Ubuntu \u4e3a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"false\">\nsudo apt install ubuntu-security-tools -y\nsudo usg fixcis --level 1 --dry-run   # \u5148\u6a21\u62df\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u5c06\u4fee\u6539\u54ea\u4e9b\u9879\nsudo usg audit cis_level1_server     # \u6b63\u5f0f\u6838\u67e5\u5e76\u751f\u6210\u62a5\u544a\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8dd1\u62a5\u544a\u4e0d\u5fc5\u88ab\u51e0\u5341\u6761\u5931\u8d25\u5413\u5230\u3002\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u53f0\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0cLevel 1\uff08\u5fc5\u505a\u9879\uff09\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728 15 \u5230 25 \u6761\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7ea6\u516b\u6210\u843d\u5728\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3001\u5bc6\u7801\u3001\u6743\u9650\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7\u56db\u4e2a\u7c7b\u522b\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u4e0b\u9762\u8981\u9010\u6761\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u628a\u62a5\u544a\u4fdd\u5b58\u597d\uff0c\u5168\u90e8\u52a0\u56fa\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u91cd\u8dd1\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5f97\u5206\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\u7684&#8221;\u52a0\u56fa\u524d\u540e&#8221;\u8bc1\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a\u9501\u7d27 SSH\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5927\u95e8\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u628a\u94a5\u5319<\/h2>\n<p>SSH\uff08\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u901a\u9053\uff09\u662f\u516c\u7f51\u4e0a\u88ab\u7206\u7834\u6700\u591a\u7684\u5165\u53e3\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f CIS \u6e05\u5355\u91cc 1 \u5206\u9879\u6700\u5bc6\u96c6\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u5148\u81ea\u67e5\u73b0\u72b6\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"false\">\nsshd -T | grep -E 'permitrootlogin|passwordauthentication|maxauthtries|permitemptypasswords'\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u56db\u9879\u7684\u671f\u671b\u503c\u5206\u522b\u662f no\u3001no\u30014 \u4ee5\u5185\u3001no\u3002\u5728 <code>\/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/code>\uff08\u6216 <code>\/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config.d\/<\/code> \u4e0b\u65b0\u5efa <code>hardening.conf<\/code>\uff09\u4e2d\u5199\u5165\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"false\">\nPermitRootLogin no\nPasswordAuthentication no\nPermitEmptyPasswords no\nMaxAuthTries 4\nClientAliveInterval 300\nClientAliveCountMax 2\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u5173\u952e\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u987a\u5e8f\uff1a\u5148\u786e\u8ba4\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5\u767b\u5f55\u5df2\u7ecf\u53ef\u7528\uff0c\u518d\u91cd\u542f sshd\uff08<code>sudo systemctl restart sshd<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u9501\u5728\u95e8\u5916\u3002\u6539\u5b8c\u540e\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7ec8\u7aef\u9a8c\u8bc1\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u539f\u4f1a\u8bdd\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u52a8\u3002CIS \u540c\u65f6\u8981\u6c42\u7981\u7528\u8fc7\u65f6\u7684 SSH \u534f\u8bae 1\uff08<code>Protocol 2<\/code>\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u7248\u672c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5df2\u79fb\u9664\uff09\u5e76\u9650\u5236\u6bcf\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u4f1a\u8bdd\u3002\u5bc6\u94a5\u7684\u751f\u6210\u4e0e\u52a0\u56fa\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u524d\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/guides\/ssh-server-hardening-checklist\/\">SSH \u670d\u52a1\u52a0\u56fa\u6e05\u5355<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/linux-server-cis-benchmark-ssh.webp\" alt=\"SSH \u52a0\u56fa\u4e0e\u5bc6\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1\u793a\u610f\uff1a\u5bc6\u94a5\u66ff\u4ee3\u5bc6\u7801\u767b\u5f55\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff1a\u8ba9\u5f31\u5bc6\u7801\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u5165\u53e3\u90fd\u65e0\u6548<\/h2>\n<p>\u5373\u4f7f SSH \u5df2\u5207\u6362\u4e3a\u5bc6\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff0c\u5bc6\u7801\u4f53\u7cfb\u4ecd\u7136\u5728\u4fdd\u62a4 sudo \u548c\u672c\u5730\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u5f31\u5bc6\u7801\u4f9d\u7136\u662f\u9632\u7ebf\u4e0a\u7684\u6d1e\u3002CIS \u5bf9\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u53c2\u6570\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u6700\u957f\u4f7f\u7528\u5929\u6570 365 \u4ee5\u5185\u3001\u6700\u77ed\u957f\u5ea6 14\u3001\u5931\u8d25 5 \u6b21\u9501\u5b9a\u3001\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5 SHA512\u3002\u7f16\u8f91 <code>\/etc\/login.defs<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"false\">\nPASS_MAX_DAYS 365\nPASS_MIN_DAYS 7\nPASS_WARN_AGE 7\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u5bc6\u7801\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4ea4\u7ed9 pam_pwquality\uff1a<code>sudo apt install libpam-pwquality<\/code> \u540e\uff0c\u5728 <code>\/etc\/security\/pwquality.conf<\/code> \u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e <code>minlen = 14<\/code> \u548c <code>minclass = 4<\/code>\uff08\u56db\u7c7b\u5b57\u7b26\u81f3\u5c11\u5404\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\uff09\u3002\u9632\u7206\u7834\u9501\u5b9a\u4ea4\u7ed9 pam_faillock\uff0c\u5728 <code>\/etc\/pam.d\/common-auth<\/code> \u8ffd\u52a0\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"false\">\nauth required pam_faillock.so preauth deny=5 unlock_time=900\nauth required pam_faillock.so authfail deny=5 unlock_time=900\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u5199\u5165\u540e\u52a1\u5fc5\u5f00\u65b0\u7ec8\u7aef\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e00\u6b21\u9519\u8bef\u5bc6\u7801 5 \u6b21\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u7b2c 6 \u6b21\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd\u3001\u4e14\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u4f1a\u8bdd\u4e0d\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u2014\u2014PAM\uff08Linux \u7684\u53ef\u63d2\u62d4\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6a21\u5757\u6846\u67b6\uff09\u914d\u7f6e\u5199\u9519\u662f\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u5bfc\u81f4&#8221;\u65e0\u6cd5\u767b\u5f55&#8221;\u7684\u4e8b\u6545\u70b9\u3002\u5df2\u6709\u8d26\u6237\u7684\u65e7\u7b56\u7565\u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u53ef\u6267\u884c <code>sudo chage -M 365 &lt;\u7528\u6237\u540d&gt;<\/code> \u9010\u4e2a\u5237\u65b0\uff0c\u7528 <code>chage -l &lt;\u7528\u6237\u540d&gt;<\/code> \u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7b2c\u56db\u6b65\uff1a\u6536\u6389\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cc\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u53ef\u5199\u76ee\u5f55<\/h2>\n<p>&#8220;\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u90fd\u80fd\u6539&#8221;\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u662f\u63d0\u6743\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u843d\u811a\u70b9\u3002\u7528\u4e00\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u627e\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u65e0\u7c98\u6ede\u4f4d\uff08sticky bit\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u6587\u4ef6\u53ea\u6709\u5c5e\u4e3b\u53ef\u5220\u9664\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6743\u9650\uff09\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u53ef\u5199\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"false\">\ndf --local -P | awk '{if (NR!=1) print $6}' | xargs -I '{}' find '{}' -xdev -type d \\( -perm -0002 -a ! -perm -1000 \\) 2>\/dev\/null\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u5bf9\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\u5982 <code>\/var\/tmp<\/code>\uff09\u8865\u7c98\u6ede\u4f4d\uff1a<code>sudo chmod +t \/var\/tmp<\/code>\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e0d\u8be5\u5f00\u653e\u7684\uff0c\u53bb\u6389\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u5199\u6743\u9650\uff1a<code>sudo chmod o-w &lt;\u76ee\u5f55&gt;<\/code>\u3002CIS \u540c\u65f6\u70b9\u540d\u51e0\u7c7b\u9ad8\u654f\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff1a<code>\/etc\/passwd<\/code> \u5e94\u4e3a 644\u3001<code>\/etc\/shadow<\/code> \u5e94\u4e3a 640 \u6216 600\u3001<code>\/etc\/gshadow-<\/code> \u5e94\u4e3a 600\uff0c\u7528 <code>ls -l<\/code> \u9010\u4e2a\u6838\u5bf9\uff0c\u9519\u4e86\u76f4\u63a5 chmod \u6539\u6b63\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u6761\u9ad8\u9891\u5931\u8d25\u9879\u662f\u672a\u6388\u6743\u7684 SUID\/SGID \u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u2014\u2014\u6bcf\u6b21\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u65b0\u540e\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u5192\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\uff0c\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u5b9a\u671f\u6e05\u5355\u5316\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"false\">\nfind \/ -xdev \\( -perm -4000 -o -perm -2000 \\) -type f -exec ls -l {} \\; 2>\/dev\/null\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u628a\u8f93\u51fa\u5b58\u6863\u6bd4\u5bf9\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u8ba1\u5212\u5916\u7684 SUID \u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u5148\u67e5\u6765\u6e90\u518d\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u79fb\u9664\uff08<code>sudo chmod u-s &lt;\u6587\u4ef6&gt;<\/code>\uff09\u3002\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u7ec4\u5fc5\u6539\u9879\uff0c\u6700\u5178\u578b\u7684\u662f\u7981\u7528 IP \u8f6c\u53d1\u548c\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff08\u9664\u975e\u8fd9\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u786e\u5b9e\u662f\u7f51\u5173\uff09\u4e0e\u5f00\u542f SYN Cookie\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"false\">\nnet.ipv4.ip_forward = 0\nnet.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects = 0\nnet.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u5199\u5165 <code>\/etc\/sysctl.d\/99-cis.conf<\/code> \u540e\u6267\u884c <code>sudo sysctl --system<\/code> \u751f\u6548\uff0c\u7528 <code>sysctl net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies<\/code> \u56de\u8bfb\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/linux-server-cis-benchmark-checklist.webp\" alt=\"\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u52a0\u56fa\u6838\u5bf9\u6e05\u5355\u793a\u610f\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>\u7b2c\u4e94\u6b65\uff1a\u8ba9\u65e5\u5fd7\u5f00\u53e3\u8bf4\u8bdd\uff0c\u5ba1\u8ba1\u89c4\u5219\u843d\u5730<\/h2>\n<p>\u6ca1\u6709\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7b49\u4e8e\u6ca1\u6709\u9ed1\u5323\u5b50\u3002CIS \u8981\u6c42 auditd\uff08\u5185\u6838\u5ba1\u8ba1\u6846\u67b6\uff09\u5904\u4e8e\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u96c6\u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e14\u4e0d\u53ef\u88ab\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u8bfb\u53d6\u3002\u5148\u786e\u8ba4\u57fa\u7840\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff1a<code>sudo systemctl status auditd<\/code> \u5e94\u4e3a active\uff1b<code>\/etc\/audit\/auditd.conf<\/code> \u4e2d <code>max_log_file_action<\/code> \u5efa\u8bae\u8bbe\u4e3a <code>keep_logs<\/code>\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u8f6e\u8f6c\u65f6\u76f4\u63a5\u8986\u76d6\u65e7\u5ba1\u8ba1\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u63a5\u7740\u8865\u4e24\u6761\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5ba1\u8ba1\u89c4\u5219\u2014\u2014\u8bb0\u5f55\u6240\u6709\u8eab\u4efd\u53d8\u66f4\u52a8\u4f5c\u548c\u767b\u5f55\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5199\u5165 <code>\/etc\/audit\/rules.d\/50-cis.rules<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"false\">\n-w \/etc\/sudoers -p wa -k identity\n-w \/etc\/group -p wa -k identity\n-w \/etc\/passwd -p wa -k identity\n-w \/etc\/shadow -p wa -k identity\n-w \/var\/log\/faillog -p wa -k logins\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u6267\u884c <code>sudo augenrules --load<\/code> \u52a0\u8f7d\uff0c\u518d\u7528 <code>sudo auditctl -l<\/code> \u56de\u8bfb\u786e\u8ba4\u89c4\u5219\u5728\u4f4d\u3002\u65e5\u5fd7\u67e5\u8be2\u4ea4\u7ed9 ausearch\uff1a<code>sudo ausearch -k identity -i<\/code> \u4f1a\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u8eab\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6539\u52a8\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4e8b\u540e\u8ffd\u8d23\u65f6\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u624b\u8bc1\u636e\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u68c0\u67e5 rsyslog \u662f\u5426\u628a\u5173\u952e\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230<a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/dedicated-server\/\">\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/a>\u2014\u2014\u672c\u673a\u65e5\u5fd7\u5728\u88ab\u5165\u4fb5\u540e\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u6e05\u9664\uff0c\u5f02\u5730\u526f\u672c\u624d\u662f\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u5ba1\u8ba1\u6765\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7b2c\u516d\u6b65\uff1a\u628a\u81ea\u67e5\u53d8\u6210\u4f8b\u884c\u516c\u4e8b<\/h2>\n<p>\u4e00\u6b21\u52a0\u56fa\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u52b3\u6c38\u9038\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u65b0\u4f1a\u5e26\u56de\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff0c\u65b0\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4f1a\u5f15\u5165\u65b0\u7684 SUID \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4eba\u5458\u53d8\u52a8\u4f1a\u7559\u4e0b\u9648\u65e7\u8d26\u6237\u3002\u8ba9\u57fa\u7ebf\u68c0\u67e5\u8fdb\u5165\u65e5\u5e38\u8282\u594f\uff0c\u6bd4\u4efb\u4f55\u5355\u6b21\u5927\u626b\u9664\u90fd\u66f4\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u843d\u5730\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u5fc5\u590d\u6742\uff1a\u628a usg audit\uff08\u6216 cis-cat\uff09\u653e\u8fdb\u6bcf\u6708\u6267\u884c\u7684 cron \u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u62a5\u544a\u5b58\u6863\u6bd4\u5bf9\uff1b\u628a SUID \u6e05\u5355\u547d\u4ee4\u505a\u6210\u6bcf\u5468\u5dee\u5f02\u5bf9\u6bd4\u811a\u672c\uff1b\u628a&#8221;\u65b0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7ebf\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u8dd1\u4e00\u6b21\u57fa\u7ebf\u6838\u67e5&#8221;\u5199\u8fdb\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u4ea4\u4ed8\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u7ef4\u62a4\u5c42\u9762\uff0cCIS \u57fa\u7ebf\u6bcf\u5e74\u4f1a\u968f\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u66f4\u65b0\u53d1\u5e03\u65b0\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u8ba2\u9605\u5b98\u65b9\u53d8\u66f4\u901a\u77e5\u3001\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b0\u589e\u6761\u76ee\u662f\u5426\u9002\u7528\uff0c\u662f\u4fdd\u6301\u57fa\u7ebf\u6709\u6548\u6027\u7684\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u505a\u6cd5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u8dd1\u5728 Hostease \u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/dedicated-server\/\">\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/a>\u6216 <a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/vps\/\">VPS<\/a>\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/vps\/\">\u865a\u62df\u4e13\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/a>\uff09\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e3b\u673a\u4fa7\u7684\u52a0\u56fa\u8d23\u4efb\u5c31\u5728\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u624b\u91cc\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u5957\u6d41\u7a0b\u540c\u6837\u5b8c\u5168\u9002\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u603b\u7ed3\uff1a\u4e00\u4efd\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u7167\u505a\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u6e05\u5355<\/h2>\n<p>\u56de\u987e\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u57fa\u7ebf\u81ea\u67e5\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u4e09\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff1a\u7528\u6807\u51c6\u5de5\u5177\u91cf\u5316\u73b0\u72b6\uff08usg\/cis-cat \u62a5\u544a\uff09\u3001\u6309\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u9010\u9879\u4fee\u590d\uff08\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3001\u5bc6\u7801\u3001\u6743\u9650\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\uff09\u3001\u7528\u590d\u6838\u548c\u4f8b\u884c\u5316\u9632\u6b62\u56de\u9000\u3002\u7ed9\u4f60\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u662f\u6309\u8fd9\u4e2a\u987a\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u98ce\u9669\u6536\u76ca\u6bd4\u6700\u9ad8\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5148\u505a\u9501\u6b7b\u7c7b\uff1aSSH \u7981 root \u4e0e\u5bc6\u7801\u767b\u5f55\u3001\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565\u4e0e faillock\u3001auditd \u8fd0\u884c\u2014\u2014\u4e09\u5c0f\u65f6\u5185\u53ef\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u6d88\u706d\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7206\u7834\u8def\u5f84<\/li>\n<li>\u518d\u505a\u6536\u655b\u7c7b\uff1a\u5168\u5c40\u53ef\u5199\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u654f\u611f\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u3001SUID \u6e05\u5355\u3001sysctl \u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u6536\u53e3\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u9760\u5dee\u5f02\u6bd4\u5bf9\u7ef4\u62a4<\/li>\n<li>\u6700\u540e\u505a\u4f8b\u884c\u5316\uff1a\u6bcf\u6708\u8dd1\u4e00\u6b21 audit \u62a5\u544a\u5b58\u6863\u3001\u6bcf\u5468\u5bf9\u6bd4 SUID \u6e05\u5355\u3001\u65b0\u673a\u4e0a\u7ebf\u5f3a\u5236\u57fa\u7ebf\u6838\u67e5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u52a0\u56fa\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u628a\u672c\u6587\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6574\u7406\u6210 Ansible\uff08\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff09playbook\uff0c\u914d\u5408\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u524d\u5173\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/guides\/ansible-vault-server-practical\/\">\u7528 Ansible Vault \u7ba1\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u654f\u611f\u914d\u7f6e<\/a>\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u628a&#8221;\u9010\u53f0\u624b\u6572&#8221;\u5347\u7ea7\u4e3a&#8221;\u4e00\u952e\u5168\u91cf\u6838\u67e5&#8221;\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u7528\u52a0\u5bc6\u65b9\u5f0f\u4fdd\u7ba1 playbook \u91cc\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5\u4e0e\u53e3\u4ee4\u3002\u5b89\u5168\u57fa\u7ebf\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u8003\u8bd5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u5957\u9700\u8981\u6301\u7eed\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\u7eaa\u5f8b\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4efd audit \u62a5\u544a\u5f00\u59cb\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4ee5 CIS Benchmark \u4e3a\u53c2\u7167\uff0c\u9010\u6761\u843d\u5730 Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u57fa\u7ebf\uff1aSSH \u52a0\u56fa\u3001\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u3001\u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e0e\u81ea\u52a8\u6838\u67e5\uff0c\u9644\u5b8c\u6574\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0e\u81ea\u67e5\u6e05\u5355\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":33144,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3822],"tags":[5074,909,373,5075,5034],"class_list":["post-33147","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-guides","tag-cisbenchmark","tag-linux","tag-ssh","tag-5075","tag-5034"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/linux-server-cis-benchmark-cover.webp","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33147","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33147"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33147\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":33163,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33147\/revisions\/33163"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/33144"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33147"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33147"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33147"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}