{"id":32841,"date":"2026-08-26T18:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-08-26T10:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/?p=32841"},"modified":"2026-08-26T10:49:41","modified_gmt":"2026-08-26T02:49:41","slug":"nftables-practical-server","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/guides\/nftables-practical-server\/","title":{"rendered":"nftables \u94fe\u4e0e\u8868\u7ba1\u7406\u5b9e\u6218\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u7f16\u5199\u4e0e\u9a8c\u8bc1"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/nftables-practical-server-cover.webp\" alt=\"nftables \u94fe\u4e0e\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6307\u5357\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u638c\u63e1 nftables \u7684\u8868\uff08table\uff0c\u6309\u534f\u8bae\u5212\u5206\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u5bb9\u5668\uff09\u3001\u94fe\uff08chain\uff0c\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u96c6\u5408\uff09\u4e0e\u89c4\u5219\uff08rule\uff0c\u5339\u914d\u6761\u4ef6\u52a0\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u6761\u76ee\uff09\u4e09\u5c42\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u5b66\u4f1a\u7f16\u5199\u3001\u52a0\u8f7d\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e00\u5957\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5bf9\u8fd0\u884c\u5728 [VPS](https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/vps\/)\uff08Virtual Private Server\uff0c[\u865a\u62df\u4e13\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668](https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/vps\/)\uff09\u6216[\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668](https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/dedicated-server\/)\u4e0a\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u66b4\u9732\u5728\u516c\u7f51\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u9053\u9632\u7ebf\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u9519\u4e86\u53ef\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u6216\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5931\u5b88\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u80fd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3001\u80fd\u56de\u6eda\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\u6bd4\u80cc\u51e0\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<p>nftables \u662f\u53d6\u4ee3 iptables \u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3 Linux \u5185\u6838\u9632\u706b\u5899\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u662f&#8221;\u8868-\u94fe-\u89c4\u5219&#8221;\u4e09\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u8868\u6309\u5730\u5740\u65cf\uff08family\uff09\u5212\u5206\uff0c\u94fe\u51b3\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u5904\u7406\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u89c4\u5219\u6309\u4ece\u4e0a\u5230\u4e0b\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u547d\u4e2d\u5373\u6267\u884c accept\uff08\u63a5\u53d7\uff09\u3001drop\uff08\u4e22\u5f03\uff09\u7b49\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4 iptables \u628a\u89c4\u5219\u5206\u6563\u5728\u591a\u5f20\u5185\u7f6e\u8868\u91cc\uff0cnftables \u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u66f4\u6e05\u6670\u3001\u811a\u672c\u5316\u66f4\u5f3a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5df2\u6709 iptables \u4e60\u60ef\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u7167 <a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/guides\/mysql-slow-query-analysis\/\">MySQL \u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u5206\u6790<\/a>\u91cc&#8221;\u5148\u770b\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u5212\u518d\u6539 SQL&#8221;\u7684\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u5148\u7406\u89e3\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4f1a\u7ecf\u8fc7\u54ea\u4e9b\u94fe\uff0c\u518d\u52a8\u624b\u5199\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e00\u3001\u8868\u4e0e\u94fe\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ba1\u7406<\/h2>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u5f20\u8868\u9700\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u5730\u5740\u65cf\u4e0e\u8868\u540d\u3002\u5730\u5740\u65cf\u51b3\u5b9a\u8fd9\u5f20\u8868\u5904\u7406\u54ea\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff1ainet \u540c\u65f6\u8986\u76d6 IPv4 \u548c IPv6\uff0cip \u53ea\u5904\u7406 IPv4\uff0cip6 \u53ea\u5904\u7406 IPv6\uff0cnetdev \u7528\u4e8e\u7f51\u5361\u5165\u53e3\u3002\u65e5\u5e38\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5efa\u8bae\u4f18\u5148\u7528 inet\uff0c\u907f\u514d IPv4 \u4e0e IPv6 \u5404\u5199\u4e00\u5957\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"false\">nft add table inet filter\nnft list tables\nnft list table inet filter<\/pre>\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa\u540d\u4e3a filter \u7684\u8868\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6761\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u8868\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u6761\u67e5\u770b\u8868\u5185\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u8868\u540d\u53ef\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u4f46\u5efa\u8bae\u4fdd\u6301\u8bed\u4e49\u6e05\u6670\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 filter \u653e\u8fc7\u6ee4\u89c4\u5219\u3001nat \u653e\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4e92\u4e0d\u6df7\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u94fe\u5206\u4e24\u79cd\uff1a\u57fa\u94fe\uff08base chain\uff09\u548c\u666e\u901a\u94fe\u3002\u57fa\u94fe\u9700\u8981\u7ed1\u5b9a\u94a9\u5b50\uff08hook\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5728\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u5904\u7406\u70b9\uff0c\u5982 input\u3001forward\u3001output\uff09\u4e0e\u7b56\u7565\uff08policy\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5305\u771f\u6b63\u4f1a\u6d41\u7ecf\u7684\u94fe\uff1b\u666e\u901a\u94fe\u53ea\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8df3\u8f6c\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u628a\u590d\u6742\u89c4\u5219\u62c6\u6210\u53ef\u590d\u7528\u7684\u7247\u6bb5\u3002\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u6761\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230 input \u94a9\u5b50\u7684\u57fa\u94fe\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"false\">nft add chain inet filter input '{ type filter hook input priority 0; policy accept; }'<\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc type filter \u8868\u793a\u8fc7\u6ee4\u578b\u94fe\uff0chook input \u8868\u793a\u5904\u7406\u8fdb\u5165\u672c\u673a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0cpriority 0 \u8868\u793a\u5728\u540c\u7c7b\u94a9\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u6267\u884c\u987a\u5e8f\uff0cpolicy accept \u662f\u94fe\u5185\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u89c4\u5219\u547d\u4e2d\u65f6\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u6570\u503c\u8d8a\u5c0f\u8d8a\u5148\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a\u94a9\u5b50\u91cd\u53e0\u65f6\u8981\u7559\u610f\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u89c4\u5219\u88ab\u5176\u4ed6\u94fe\u7684 drop \u62a2\u5148\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e8c\u3001\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u7f16\u5199\u4e0e\u987a\u5e8f<\/h2>\n<p>\u89c4\u5219\u7531\u5339\u914d\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0e\u52a8\u4f5c\u7ec4\u6210\uff0cnft \u547d\u4ee4\u628a\u89c4\u5219\u8ffd\u52a0\u5230\u94fe\u5c3e\uff0c\u89c4\u5219\u6309\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u547d\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u51b3\u5b9a\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u4e3a input \u94fe\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u6761\u653e\u884c 22 \u7aef\u53e3\uff08SSH\uff09\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"false\">nft add rule inet filter input tcp dport 22 accept<\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6761\u89c4\u5219\u5339\u914d TCP \u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3 22 \u5e76\u653e\u884c\u3002\u82e5\u60f3\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u94fe\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u800c\u975e\u672b\u5c3e\uff0c\u7528 insert \u6216\u6307\u5b9a handle\uff08\u53e5\u67c4\uff0c\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u7f16\u53f7\uff09\u63d2\u5165\u3002\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u975e\u5e38\u5173\u952e\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u5148\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u6761 drop all \u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u62d2\u7edd\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u518d\u5f80\u94fe\u5c3e\u8ffd\u52a0\u653e\u884c 22 \u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u653e\u884c\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5728\u5230\u8fbe\u653e\u884c\u89c4\u5219\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u4e22\u5f03\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u591a\u6761\u4ef6\u7ec4\u5408\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u6761\u89c4\u5219\u653e\u884c\u6765\u81ea\u5185\u7f51\u7f51\u6bb5\u5bf9 3306 \u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u6765\u6e90\u4e00\u5f8b\u7531\u540e\u9762\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7b56\u7565\u5904\u7406\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"false\">nft add rule inet filter input ip saddr 192.168.1.0\/24 tcp dport 3306 accept<\/pre>\n<p>ip saddr \u6307\u5b9a\u6e90\u5730\u5740\uff0c192.168.1.0\/24 \u662f\u5185\u7f51\u7f51\u6bb5\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u7f51\u6bb5\u8bf7\u6309\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u89c4\u5212\u586b\u5199\u3002\u89c4\u5219\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ec4\u5408\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3001\u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u534f\u8bae\u3001\u63a5\u53e3\uff08interface\uff0c\u7f51\u5361\u540d\u79f0\uff09\u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 iifname \u9650\u5236\u5165\u53e3\u7f51\u5361\u3001ct state \u5339\u914d\u8fde\u63a5\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u8ba9\u653e\u884c\u8303\u56f4\u7cbe\u786e\u5230\u6700\u5c0f\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/nftables-practical-server-ruleset.webp\" alt=\"nftables \u89c4\u5219\u96c6\u5339\u914d\u6d41\u7a0b\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u7aef\u53e3\u53d8\u5316\u9891\u7e41\u6216\u8981\u7edf\u4e00\u7ba1\u7406\u653e\u884c\u6e05\u5355\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u547d\u540d\u96c6\u5408\uff08named set\uff09\u628a\u591a\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u6216\u7aef\u53e3\u653e\u8fdb\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u89c4\u5219\u91cc\u76f4\u63a5\u5f15\u7528\u96c6\u5408\u540d\uff0c\u540e\u7eed\u53ea\u9700\u6539\u96c6\u5408\u800c\u4e0d\u7528\u6539\u6bcf\u6761\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u601d\u8def\u4e0e <a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/guides\/nginx-limit-req-rate-limiting\/\">Nginx \u9650\u6d41\u914d\u7f6e<\/a>\u91cc\u628a\u767d\u540d\u5355\u62bd\u8c61\u6210\u72ec\u7acb\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u628a&#8221;\u7ecf\u5e38\u53d8\u7684\u6e05\u5355&#8221;\u4e0e&#8221;\u89c4\u5219\u672c\u8eab&#8221;\u89e3\u8026\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u8bef\u6539\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e09\u3001NAT \u4e0e\u72b6\u6001\u8ddf\u8e2a<\/h2>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff0cnftables \u4e5f\u627f\u62c5 NAT\uff08Network Address Translation\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\uff09\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002NAT \u94fe\u901a\u5e38\u653e\u5728\u540d\u4e3a nat \u7684\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ed1\u5b9a postrouting \u6216 prerouting \u94a9\u5b50\u3002\u5178\u578b\u7684\u51fa\u7ad9\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\uff08\u628a\u5185\u7f51\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6210\u51fa\u53e3\u516c\u7f51\u5730\u5740\uff09\u5199\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"false\">nft add table ip nat\nnft add chain ip nat postrouting '{ type nat hook postrouting priority 100; }'\nnft add rule ip nat postrouting ip saddr 10.0.0.0\/24 masquerade<\/pre>\n<p>masquerade \u9002\u5408\u51fa\u53e3\u5730\u5740\u52a8\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u51fa\u63a5\u53e3\u5730\u5740\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f6c\u6362\u540e\u7684\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u3002\u82e5\u51fa\u53e3\u5730\u5740\u56fa\u5b9a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 snat \u6307\u5b9a\u5177\u4f53\u5730\u5740\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc 10.0.0.0\/24 \u662f\u5185\u7f51\u7f51\u6bb5\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u6309\u4f60\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u586b\u5199\u3002\u6ce8\u610f NAT \u4e0e\u8fc7\u6ee4\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8868\uff0c\u6539 NAT \u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u8fc7\u6ee4\u94fe\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u914d\u5408\u65f6\u5148\u7406\u6e05\u6570\u636e\u5305\u6d41\u5411\u518d\u5199\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u51fa\u73b0&#8221;\u8fc7\u6ee4\u653e\u884c\u4e86\u4f46 NAT \u6ca1\u914d&#8221;\u6216\u53cd\u4e4b\u7684\u6f0f\u7f51\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u72b6\u6001\u8ddf\u8e2a\uff08stateful tracking\uff09\u662f\u9632\u706b\u5899\u9ad8\u6548\u653e\u884c\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u901a\u8fc7 ct state \u53ef\u4ee5\u53ea\u5bf9&#8221;\u65b0\u5efa\u8fde\u63a5&#8221;\u505a\u4e25\u683c\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u5df2\u5efa\u7acb\u6216\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u56de\u5305\u76f4\u63a5\u653e\u884c\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u56de\u5305\u5199\u5355\u72ec\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5178\u578b\u5199\u6cd5\u662f\u5728 input \u94fe\u5f00\u5934\u653e\u884c established \u4e0e related \u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u53ea\u5bf9 new \u72b6\u6001\u505a\u4e1a\u52a1\u89c4\u5219\u5339\u914d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a&#8221;\u5148\u653e\u884c\u65e2\u6709\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u518d\u7ba1\u65b0\u5efa\u8fde\u63a5&#8221;\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u5efa\u8bae\u59cb\u7ec8\u653e\u5728\u94fe\u7684\u6700\u524d\u9762\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u53ef\u53c2\u8003 <a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/guides\/wireguard-multihop-relay\/\">WireGuard \u591a\u8df3\u4e2d\u7ee7\u914d\u7f6e<\/a>\u4e2d\u5173\u4e8e\u96a7\u9053\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u91cf\u65b9\u5411\u4e0e\u72b6\u6001\u5224\u65ad\u7684\u5bf9\u7167\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u56db\u3001\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u4e0e\u52a0\u8f7d<\/h2>\n<p>nft \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u53ea\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u91cd\u542f\u540e\u4e22\u5931\u3002\u8981\u8ba9\u89c4\u5219\u5728\u5f00\u673a\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u6062\u590d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u628a\u5f53\u524d\u89c4\u5219\u96c6\u5bfc\u51fa\u6210\u811a\u672c\u5e76\u914d\u7f6e\u5f00\u673a\u52a0\u8f7d\u3002\u67e5\u770b\u5b8c\u6574\u89c4\u5219\u96c6\u5e76\u4fdd\u5b58\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"false\">nft list ruleset &gt; \/etc\/nftables.conf\nsystemctl enable nftables\nsystemctl restart nftables<\/pre>\n<p>\/etc\/nftables.conf \u662f nftables \u670d\u52a1\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u52a0\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\uff0csystemd\uff08Linux \u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u6846\u67b6\uff09\u4f1a\u6309\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u5f00\u673a\u65f6\u91cd\u5efa\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u6539\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6d41\u7a0b\u662f\uff1a\u5148\u7f16\u8f91\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u518d\u7528 nft -f \u8bed\u6cd5\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u7528 systemctl reload \u6216\u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1\u52a0\u8f7d\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u76f4\u63a5\u6572\u547d\u4ee4\u5bfc\u81f4\u811a\u672c\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9645\u72b6\u6001\u8131\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4fdd\u5b58\u524d\u52a1\u5fc5\u786e\u8ba4\u811a\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5\u65e0\u8bef\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 nft -c -f \/etc\/nftables.conf \u505a\u4e00\u6b21\u53ea\u68c0\u67e5\u4e0d\u751f\u6548\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u6821\u9a8c\uff08-c \u8868\u793a check\uff09\u3002\u82e5\u52a0\u8f7d\u540e\u53d1\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u88ab\u9501\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5916\uff0c\u591a\u534a\u662f\u89c4\u5219\u987a\u5e8f\u6216\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7b56\u7565\u628a SSH \u4e5f\u62d2\u7edd\u4e86\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4efb\u4f55\u9632\u706b\u5899\u6539\u52a8\u90fd\u8981\u4fdd\u7559\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u56de\u6eda\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u6392\u9519\u65b9\u6cd5\u89c1\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e94\u3001\u89c4\u5219\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u56de\u6eda<\/h2>\n<p>\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e0a\u7ebf\u524d\u5fc5\u987b\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4e00\u6b21\u624b\u8bef\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u8ba9\u6574\u4e2a\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u3002\u6700\u7a33\u59a5\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f&#8221;\u811a\u672c\u5316 + \u5b9a\u65f6\u56de\u6eda&#8221;\uff1a\u628a\u89c4\u5219\u5199\u8fdb\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u52a0\u8f7d\u524d\u8bb0\u5f55\u5f53\u524d\u89c4\u5219\u96c6\u54c8\u5e0c\uff0c\u52a0\u8f7d\u540e\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\uff0c\u82e5\u5728\u5012\u8ba1\u65f6\u5185\u672a\u624b\u52a8\u786e\u8ba4\uff0c\u5c31\u81ea\u52a8\u6062\u590d\u65e7\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u9009\u7684\u56de\u6eda\u8f85\u52a9\u601d\u8def\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"bash\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"false\"># \u5907\u4efd\u5f53\u524d\u89c4\u5219\nnft list ruleset &gt; \/root\/fw_backup.conf\n # \u52a0\u8f7d\u65b0\u89c4\u5219\nnft -f \/etc\/nftables.conf\n # \u5012\u8ba1\u65f6\u540e\u82e5\u672a\u786e\u8ba4\u5219\u6062\u590d\nsleep 60 &amp;&amp; nft -f \/root\/fw_backup.conf<\/pre>\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u7684 60 \u79d2\u5c5e\u4e8e\u793a\u4f8b\u503c\uff0c\u53ef\u6309\u4f60\u7684\u6392\u969c\u901f\u5ea6\u8c03\u6574\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u66f4\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u5f00\u4e24\u4e2a SSH \u4f1a\u8bdd\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f1a\u8bdd\u52a0\u8f7d\u65b0\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f1a\u8bdd\u4fdd\u6301\u5fc3\u8df3\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u53d1\u73b0\u65ad\u5f00\u7acb\u5373\u7528\u5907\u4efd\u6062\u590d\u3002\u6062\u590d\u524d\u5148\u7528 nft list ruleset \u5bf9\u6bd4\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u5426\u4e0e\u9884\u671f\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u662f\u65b0\u89c4\u5219\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u518d\u56de\u6eda\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u8bef\u628a\u539f\u672c\u5c31\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5f52\u548e\u4e8e\u672c\u6b21\u6539\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/nftables-practical-server-verify.webp\" alt=\"nftables \u89c4\u5219\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e0e\u56de\u6eda\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6392\u67e5\u8fde\u901a\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u5148\u5206\u6e05\u662f\u89c4\u5219\u653e\u884c\u3001\u8def\u7531\u8fd8\u662f\u76d1\u542c\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7528 nft list chain inet filter input \u67e5\u770b\u94fe\u5185\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e\u547d\u4e2d\u8ba1\u6570\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf\u6570\u636e\u5305\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u89c4\u5219 drop\u3002\u82e5\u8ba1\u6570\u4e0d\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u6570\u636e\u5305\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u5230\u8fd9\u6761\u94fe\uff0c\u5e94\u8f6c\u5411\u67e5\u8def\u7531\u6216\u670d\u52a1\u76d1\u542c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a&#8221;\u5148\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5230\u6ca1\u5230\u3001\u518d\u5224\u65ad\u88ab\u8c01\u5904\u7406&#8221;\u7684\u5206\u6b65\u6392\u67e5\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u4e0e <a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/guides\/certbot-troubleshooting-server-ssl\/\">Certbot SSL\uff08Secure Sockets Layer\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u5957\u63a5\u5c42\uff09\u8bc1\u4e66\u6392\u67e5<\/a>\u91cc\u5148\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8bc1\u4e66\u94fe\u518d\u7eed\u671f\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5148\u786e\u8ba4\u57fa\u7840\u94fe\u8def\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u518d\u5411\u4e0b\u5b9a\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u76d1\u63a7\u6301\u7eed\u89c2\u5bdf\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0e\u6d41\u91cf\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5173\u952e\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u63a5\u5165\u544a\u8b66\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u90e8\u7f72\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u53c2\u8003 <a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/guides\/grafana-server-deployment-practical\/\">Grafana \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u90e8\u7f72\u5b9e\u6218<\/a>\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u53d8\u66f4\u540e\uff0c\u4e1a\u52a1\u6307\u6807\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5f02\u5e38\u6ce2\u52a8\u4e00\u76ee\u4e86\u7136\u3002\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u57fa\u7ebf\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u53c2\u8003 <a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/guides\/redis-persistence-recovery\/\">Redis \u6301\u4e45\u5316\u4e0e\u6062\u590d<\/a>\u4e2d\u5bf9\u914d\u7f6e\u5feb\u7167\u4e0e\u6062\u590d\u70b9\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u4e3a\u6bcf\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u96c6\u4fdd\u7559\u53ef\u8ffd\u6eaf\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<p>nftables \u9632\u706b\u5899\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u628a\u63e1\u4e09\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u8868\u6309\u534f\u8bae\u5206\u57df\u3001\u94fe\u6309\u5904\u7406\u9636\u6bb5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u89c4\u5219\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u5339\u914d\u3002\u5199\u89c4\u5219\u8981\u9075\u5faa&#8221;\u5148\u653e\u884c\u65e2\u6709\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u518d\u7ba1\u7406\u65b0\u5efa\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7b56\u7565\u515c\u5e95&#8221;\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u6539\u52a8\u524d\u5907\u4efd\u3001\u6539\u52a8\u540e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3001\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u56de\u6eda\u3002\u5bf9 Hostease \u73af\u5883\u4e0a\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u628a\u89c4\u5219\u5168\u90e8\u811a\u672c\u5316\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u670d\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u914d\u5408\u5b9a\u65f6\u5907\u4efd\u4e0e\u8fde\u901a\u6027\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u8ba9\u9632\u706b\u5899\u65e2\u80fd\u6321\u4f4f\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u53c8\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u7ef4\u62a4\u65f6\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u5173\u5728\u95e8\u5916\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u575a\u6301&#8221;\u5148\u9a8c\u8bc1\u518d\u751f\u6548\u3001\u7559\u597d\u56de\u6eda&#8221;\u8fd9\u4e24\u6761\uff0cnftables \u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u627f\u62c5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8fb9\u754c\u9632\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4ece\u8868\u3001\u94fe\u3001\u89c4\u5219\u4e09\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\u51fa\u53d1\u8bb2\u89e3 nftables \u9632\u706b\u5899\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8986\u76d6\u89c4\u5219\u7f16\u5199\u3001\u52a0\u8f7d\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u4e0e\u4e0a\u7ebf\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed9\u51fa\u56de\u6eda\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":32838,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3822],"tags":[4571,4947,4948,4946,90],"class_list":["post-32841","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-guides","tag-nftables","tag-4947","tag-4948","tag-4946","tag-90"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/nftables-practical-server-cover.webp","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32841","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32841"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32841\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32849,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32841\/revisions\/32849"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32838"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32841"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32841"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32841"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}