{"id":32706,"date":"2026-08-19T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-08-19T02:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/?p=32706"},"modified":"2026-08-20T19:27:17","modified_gmt":"2026-08-20T11:27:17","slug":"postgresql-vacuum-bloat-tuning","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/guides\/postgresql-vacuum-bloat-tuning\/","title":{"rendered":"PostgreSQL \u8868\u81a8\u80c0\u6cbb\u7406\u5b9e\u6218\uff1aVacuum \u4e0e Autovacuum \u53c2\u6570\u600e\u4e48\u8c03"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/postgresql-vacuum-bloat-tuning-cover.webp\" alt=\"PostgreSQL \u8868\u81a8\u80c0\u6cbb\u7406\u5c01\u9762\u56fe\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/p>\n<p>PostgreSQL \u8868\u81a8\u80c0\u6cbb\u7406\u4e0d\u662f\u5355\u7eaf\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21 <code>VACUUM FULL<\/code> \u5c31\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5b83\u771f\u6b63\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u9891\u7e41\u66f4\u65b0\u6216\u5220\u9664\u6570\u636e\u540e\uff0c\u8868\u548c\u7d22\u5f15\u91cc\u7559\u4e0b\u5927\u91cf\u6b7b\u5143\u7ec4\uff0c\u67e5\u8be2\u626b\u63cf\u66f4\u591a\u65e0\u6548\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u78c1\u76d8\u5360\u7528\u6301\u7eed\u4e0a\u6da8\uff0c\u5907\u4efd\u548c\u6062\u590d\u7a97\u53e3\u4e5f\u88ab\u62d6\u957f\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4f1a\u6559\u4f60\u5982\u4f55\u5224\u65ad\u81a8\u80c0\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f71\u54cd\u4e1a\u52a1\uff0c\u5e76\u628a Vacuum \u4e0e Autovacuum \u8c03\u4f18\u53d8\u6210\u4e00\u5957\u53ef\u590d\u67e5\u3001\u53ef\u56de\u6eda\u3001\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u8fd0\u7ef4\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u81ea\u7ba1\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/vps\/\">VPS<\/a>\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/vps\/\">\u865a\u62df\u4e13\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/a>\uff09\u6216<a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/dedicated-server\/\">\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/a>\u4e0a\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e0d\u80fd\u53ea\u4f9d\u8d56\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4 Autovacuum \u9002\u5408\u4e00\u822c\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u8ba2\u5355\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u961f\u5217\u3001\u4f1a\u8bdd\u3001\u7edf\u8ba1\u8868\u8fd9\u7c7b\u9ad8\u66f4\u65b0\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u89e6\u53d1\u9608\u503c\u5f80\u5f80\u504f\u5bbd\u677e\u3002\u548c\u5e38\u89c4<a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/server\/\">\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316<\/a>\u4e00\u6837\uff0cPostgreSQL \u8868\u81a8\u80c0\u6cbb\u7406\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u5148\u91cf\u5316\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u518d\u6309\u8868\u5206\u7ea7\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u5148\u7406\u89e3 Vacuum \u5230\u5e95\u6e05\u7406\u4ec0\u4e48<\/h2>\n<p>PostgreSQL \u4f7f\u7528 MVCC\uff08\u591a\u7248\u672c\u5e76\u53d1\u63a7\u5236\uff09\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8bfb\u5199\u5e76\u53d1\u3002\u4e00\u6b21 <code>UPDATE<\/code> \u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u662f\u539f\u5730\u8986\u76d6\u65e7\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5199\u5165\u65b0\u7248\u672c\uff1b\u4e00\u6b21 <code>DELETE<\/code> \u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7acb\u523b\u628a\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u8fd8\u7ed9\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u628a\u65e7\u7248\u672c\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u540e\u7eed\u53ef\u56de\u6536\u3002Vacuum \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c31\u662f\u8bc6\u522b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5df2\u7ecf\u6ca1\u6709\u4e8b\u52a1\u9700\u8981\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u65e7\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u8ba9\u7a7a\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u540e\u7eed\u5199\u5165\u590d\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u66f4\u65b0\u53ef\u89c1\u6027\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u67e5\u8be2\u5c11\u505a\u65e0\u6548\u626b\u63cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u5f88\u591a\u8bef\u533a\u7684\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u666e\u901a <code>VACUUM<\/code> \u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7f29\u5c0f\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u4e3b\u8981\u8ba9\u8868\u5185\u90e8\u7a7a\u95f4\u53ef\u590d\u7528\uff1b<code>VACUUM FULL<\/code> \u624d\u4f1a\u91cd\u5199\u8868\u5e76\u91ca\u653e\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u91cd\u7684\u9501\uff0c\u7ef4\u62a4\u7a97\u53e3\u4e5f\u66f4\u957f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u91cc\u66f4\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u4e0d\u662f\u9891\u7e41\u505a <code>VACUUM FULL<\/code>\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8ba9 Autovacuum \u66f4\u65e9\u3001\u66f4\u7a33\u5b9a\u5730\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u81a8\u80c0\u79ef\u7d2f\u5230\u5fc5\u987b\u505c\u673a\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u89c2\u5bdf\u6b7b\u5143\u7ec4\u548c\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u91cd\u70b9\u770b\u9ad8\u66f4\u65b0\u8868\u662f\u5426\u957f\u671f\u79ef\u7d2f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-sql\">SELECT\n  schemaname,\n  relname,\n  n_live_tup,\n  n_dead_tup,\n  last_vacuum,\n  last_autovacuum,\n  last_analyze,\n  last_autoanalyze\nFROM pg_stat_user_tables\nORDER BY n_dead_tup DESC\nLIMIT 20;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 <code>n_dead_tup<\/code> \u662f\u4f30\u7b97\u503c\uff0c\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u5f53\u4f5c\u7cbe\u786e\u8d26\u672c\uff0c\u4f46\u8db3\u591f\u7528\u6765\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u5f20\u8868 <code>n_dead_tup<\/code> \u957f\u671f\u9ad8\u4e8e <code>n_live_tup<\/code> \u7684 10% \u5230 20%\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u78c1\u76d8\u589e\u957f\u90fd\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u5b83\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c31\u5e94\u8be5\u8fdb\u5165\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u6392\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u5224\u65ad\u81a8\u80c0\u65f6\u4e0d\u8981\u53ea\u770b\u78c1\u76d8\u5927\u5c0f<\/h2>\n<p>\u53ea\u770b <code>pg_relation_size()<\/code> \u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u8bef\u5224\u3002\u5927\u8868\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u81a8\u80c0\uff0c\u5c0f\u8868\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u4e3a\u66f4\u65b0\u9891\u7e41\u5bfc\u81f4\u7d22\u5f15\u6548\u7387\u53d8\u5dee\u3002\u66f4\u7a33\u59a5\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u662f\u628a\u8868\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u6b7b\u5143\u7ec4\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3001\u7d22\u5f15\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u4e1a\u52a1\u8bbf\u95ee\u6a21\u5f0f\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u770b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/postgresql-vacuum-bloat-tuning-dead-tuples.webp\" alt=\"\u6b7b\u5143\u7ec4\u4e0e\u53ef\u590d\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u56fe\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u5de1\u68c0\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5efa\u8bae\u81f3\u5c11\u56fa\u5b9a 3 \u4e2a\u89c2\u5bdf\u7ef4\u5ea6\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c<code>pg_stat_user_tables<\/code> \u91cc\u7684\u6b7b\u5143\u7ec4\u548c\u6700\u8fd1 Autovacuum \u65f6\u95f4\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c<code>pg_stat_user_indexes<\/code> \u91cc\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u626b\u63cf\u6b21\u6570\u548c\u7d22\u5f15\u5927\u5c0f\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u4e1a\u52a1\u4fa7\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u662f\u5426\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u6279\u8868\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u597d\u5904\u662f\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u67d0\u5f20\u5386\u53f2\u5f52\u6863\u8868\u5f88\u5927\u5c31\u8bef\u5224\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5ffd\u7565\u4e00\u5f20\u53ea\u6709\u51e0 GB \u4f46\u6bcf\u5206\u949f\u5927\u91cf\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u70ed\u70b9\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u6761 SQL \u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u5217\u51fa\u8868\u548c\u7d22\u5f15\u7a7a\u95f4\u5360\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-sql\">SELECT\n  schemaname,\n  relname,\n  pg_size_pretty(pg_total_relation_size(relid)) AS total_size,\n  pg_size_pretty(pg_relation_size(relid)) AS table_size,\n  pg_size_pretty(pg_indexes_size(relid)) AS index_size,\n  n_live_tup,\n  n_dead_tup\nFROM pg_stat_user_tables\nORDER BY pg_total_relation_size(relid) DESC\nLIMIT 20;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u5f20\u8868\u603b\u5927\u5c0f\u589e\u957f\u5f88\u5feb\uff0c\u4f46\u4e1a\u52a1\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u6ca1\u6709\u540c\u6b65\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u4e14 <code>last_autovacuum<\/code> \u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u8bf4\u660e\u81ea\u52a8\u6e05\u7406\u8ddf\u4e0d\u4e0a\u5199\u5165\u8282\u594f\u3002\u5bf9\u7ebf\u4e0a\u7ad9\u70b9\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u8fd8\u4f1a\u95f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u9875\u9762\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u505a<a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/guides\/ttfb-hosting-optimization\/\">TTFB \u4e0e\u4e3b\u673a\u54cd\u5e94\u4f18\u5316<\/a>\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u81a8\u80c0\u5e94\u8be5\u548c\u7f13\u5b58\u3001PHP \u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u78c1\u76d8 I\/O \u4e00\u8d77\u6392\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>Autovacuum \u53c2\u6570\u5e94\u8be5\u6309\u8868\u8c03\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5168\u5c40\u4e00\u5200\u5207<\/h2>\n<p>Autovacuum \u7684\u89e6\u53d1\u5927\u81f4\u7531\u56fa\u5b9a\u9608\u503c\u548c\u6bd4\u4f8b\u9608\u503c\u5171\u540c\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u53c2\u6570\u5305\u62ec <code>autovacuum_vacuum_threshold<\/code>\u3001<code>autovacuum_vacuum_scale_factor<\/code>\u3001<code>autovacuum_analyze_threshold<\/code>\u3001<code>autovacuum_analyze_scale_factor<\/code>\u3001<code>autovacuum_naptime<\/code> \u4ee5\u53ca\u6210\u672c\u9650\u5236\u76f8\u5173\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5168\u5c40\u53c2\u6570\u5bf9\u5c0f\u8868\u548c\u5927\u8868\u7684\u6548\u679c\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\uff1a\u4e00\u5f20 100 \u4e07\u884c\u8868\u548c\u4e00\u5f20 10 \u4ebf\u884c\u8868\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u90fd\u7528\u76f8\u540c scale factor\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u8981\u79ef\u7d2f\u5927\u91cf\u6b7b\u5143\u7ec4\u624d\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u66f4\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u5148\u4fdd\u5b88\u8c03\u6574\u70ed\u70b9\u8868\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5bf9\u9ad8\u66f4\u65b0\u8ba2\u5355\u8868\u6216\u4efb\u52a1\u961f\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u89e6\u53d1\u6bd4\u4f8b\u8c03\u4f4e\uff0c\u8ba9 Autovacuum \u66f4\u65e9\u4ecb\u5165\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-sql\">ALTER TABLE public.orders SET (\n  autovacuum_vacuum_scale_factor = 0.02,\n  autovacuum_vacuum_threshold = 5000,\n  autovacuum_analyze_scale_factor = 0.01,\n  autovacuum_analyze_threshold = 5000\n);\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u7ec4\u53c2\u6570\u4e0d\u662f\u901a\u7528\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d77\u70b9\u3002\u5b83\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u662f\uff1a\u5f53\u6b7b\u5143\u7ec4\u8fbe\u5230\u7ea6 2% \u4e14\u8d85\u8fc7 5000 \u884c\u65f6\u66f4\u65e9\u6e05\u7406\uff0c\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\u4e5f\u66f4\u9891\u7e41\u5237\u65b0\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5199\u5165\u91cf\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u8868\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u7ed3\u5408 CPU\u3001\u78c1\u76d8 I\/O \u548c\u4e1a\u52a1\u4f4e\u5cf0\u671f\u89c2\u5bdf\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u6e05\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0e\u4e1a\u52a1\u5199\u5165\u4e92\u76f8\u4e89\u62a2\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u6210\u672c\u53c2\u6570\u8981\u548c\u673a\u5668\u8d44\u6e90\u4e00\u8d77\u770b<\/h3>\n<p>\u5f88\u591a\u56e2\u961f\u53ea\u964d\u4f4e scale factor\uff0c\u5374\u5ffd\u7565 Autovacuum worker \u7684\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6e05\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u89e6\u53d1\u66f4\u9891\u7e41\uff0c\u4f46 <code>autovacuum_max_workers<\/code> \u592a\u5c11\uff0c\u6216\u6210\u672c\u9650\u5236\u592a\u7d27\uff0c\u4efb\u52a1\u4ecd\u7136\u4f1a\u6392\u961f\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u70b9\u89c2\u5bdf\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u7684 autovacuum \u6267\u884c\u65f6\u957f\u3001\u88ab\u53d6\u6d88\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8868\u7ea7 <code>last_autovacuum<\/code> \u662f\u5426\u771f\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e2d\u5c0f\u578b\u4e1a\u52a1\uff0c\u5148\u4e0d\u8981\u6fc0\u8fdb\u63d0\u9ad8\u6240\u6709 worker\u3002\u66f4\u7a33\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u6311 3 \u5230 5 \u5f20\u70ed\u70b9\u8868\u505a\u8868\u7ea7\u8c03\u4f18\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf 24 \u5230 72 \u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u518d\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u8c03\u6574\u5168\u5c40 <code>autovacuum_max_workers<\/code>\u3001<code>autovacuum_vacuum_cost_limit<\/code> \u548c <code>autovacuum_naptime<\/code>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c Web \u670d\u52a1\u540c\u673a\u90e8\u7f72\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u8003\u8651 CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u78c1\u76d8\u961f\u5217\uff1b\u8fd9\u7c7b\u90e8\u7f72\u5728 VPS\uff08\u865a\u62df<a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/dedicated-server\/\">\u4e13\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/a>\uff09\u573a\u666f\u91cc\u5f88\u5e38\u89c1\uff0c\u8d44\u6e90\u4f59\u91cf\u6bd4\u5355\u7eaf\u53c2\u6570\u66f4\u5173\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u624b\u52a8 Vacuum \u7528\u6765\u6b62\u635f\uff0c\u4e0d\u8be5\u66ff\u4ee3\u81ea\u52a8\u6cbb\u7406<\/h2>\n<p>\u5f53\u81a8\u80c0\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f71\u54cd\u67e5\u8be2\u6216\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u903c\u8fd1\u4e0a\u9650\u65f6\uff0c\u624b\u52a8\u7ef4\u62a4\u4ecd\u7136\u5fc5\u8981\u3002\u666e\u901a <code>VACUUM (ANALYZE)<\/code> \u9002\u5408\u5728\u4e1a\u52a1\u4f4e\u5cf0\u671f\u8865\u4e00\u6b21\u6e05\u7406\u548c\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\u5237\u65b0\uff1b<code>VACUUM FULL<\/code> \u9002\u5408\u5904\u7406\u5df2\u7ecf\u660e\u663e\u81a8\u80c0\u4e14\u5fc5\u987b\u5f52\u8fd8\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u8868\uff0c\u4f46\u8981\u63d0\u524d\u786e\u8ba4\u9501\u7b49\u5f85\u3001\u7ef4\u62a4\u7a97\u53e3\u548c\u56de\u6eda\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/postgresql-vacuum-bloat-tuning-maintenance.webp\" alt=\"\u81ea\u52a8\u6e05\u7406\u4e0e\u624b\u52a8\u7ef4\u62a4\u5206\u5de5\u56fe\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u964d\u4f4e\u98ce\u9669\uff1a\u5148\u5bf9\u76ee\u6807\u8868\u505a\u53ea\u8bfb\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u6b7b\u5143\u7ec4\u3001\u7d22\u5f15\u5360\u7528\u548c\u4e1a\u52a1\u8bbf\u95ee\u7a97\u53e3\uff1b\u518d\u5728\u4f4e\u5cf0\u671f\u6267\u884c\u666e\u901a Vacuum\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u78c1\u76d8\u4ecd\u7136\u65e0\u6cd5\u91ca\u653e\uff0c\u518d\u8bc4\u4f30 <code>VACUUM FULL<\/code>\u3001\u91cd\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15\u6216\u5728\u7ebf\u91cd\u7ec4\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u6267\u884c\u524d\u8bf7\u786e\u4fdd\u5907\u4efd\u53ef\u7528\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u5355\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\uff0c\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u8db3\u4f1a\u8ba9\u7ef4\u62a4\u52a8\u4f5c\u672c\u8eab\u53d8\u6210\u98ce\u9669\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-sql\">VACUUM (ANALYZE, VERBOSE) public.orders;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5fc5\u987b\u6267\u884c\u91cd\u5199\u7c7b\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8981\u51c6\u5907\u81f3\u5c11 3 \u9879\u68c0\u67e5\uff1a\u5269\u4f59\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f\u5426\u8db3\u591f\u5bb9\u7eb3\u91cd\u5199\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u589e\u957f\uff1b\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u8868\u7ea7\u9501\u6216\u77ed\u6682\u505c\u5199\uff1b\u5907\u4efd\u6062\u590d\u662f\u5426\u5728\u6700\u8fd1\u4e00\u6b21\u6f14\u7ec3\u4e2d\u901a\u8fc7\u3002\u5bf9\u4f9d\u8d56 WordPress\u3001WooCommerce \u6216\u81ea\u7814\u540e\u53f0\u7684\u7ad9\u70b9\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6cbb\u7406\u548c<a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wordpress\/wordpress-speed-optimization-guide\/\">WordPress \u901f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5316<\/a>\u653e\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ef4\u62a4\u8ba1\u5212\u91cc\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u53ea\u4f18\u5316\u9875\u9762\u7f13\u5b58\u5374\u653e\u4efb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6301\u7eed\u81a8\u80c0\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u628a\u6cbb\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b\u56fa\u5316\u6210\u5468\u5de1\u68c0<\/h2>\n<p>\u4e00\u6b21\u53c2\u6570\u4fee\u6539\u53ea\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u5f53\u524d\u8868\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u957f\u671f\u7a33\u5b9a\u8981\u9760\u5de1\u68c0\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5efa\u8bae\u628a PostgreSQL \u8868\u81a8\u80c0\u6cbb\u7406\u62c6\u6210 4 \u4e2a\u56fa\u5b9a\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u628a\u7ed3\u679c\u8bb0\u5f55\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u4efd\u8fd0\u7ef4\u8868\u6216\u76d1\u63a7\u5907\u6ce8\u91cc\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6bcf\u5468\u5bfc\u51fa\u524d 20 \u5f20 <code>n_dead_tup<\/code> \u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u8868\uff0c\u5e76\u6807\u6ce8 <code>last_autovacuum<\/code> \u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5bf9\u66f4\u65b0\u91cf\u6700\u9ad8\u7684 3 \u5230 5 \u5f20\u8868\u5355\u72ec\u914d\u7f6e Autovacuum \u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u6539\u5927\u5168\u5c40\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6bcf\u6b21\u7ef4\u62a4\u524d\u540e\u8bb0\u5f55 <code>pg_total_relation_size()<\/code>\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u4fdd\u7559 4 \u5468\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u65e5\u5fd7\u91cc\u540c\u4e00\u5f20\u8868\u8fde\u7eed 3 \u5929\u51fa\u73b0\u65f6\uff0c\u628a\u5b83\u52a0\u5165\u91cd\u70b9\u89c2\u5bdf\u6e05\u5355\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5957\u6d41\u7a0b\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u5728\u4e8e\u53ef\u8ffd\u8e2a\u3002\u4f60\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u67d0\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u8c03\u6574\u540e\uff0c\u6b7b\u5143\u7ec4\u662f\u5426\u4e0b\u964d\u3001\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u662f\u5426\u51cf\u5c11\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u589e\u957f\u662f\u5426\u653e\u7f13\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7b49\u5230\u7a7a\u95f4\u62a5\u8b66\u65f6\u624d\u4e34\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5916\u8d38\u7ad9\u3001\u4f1a\u5458\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u5de5\u5355\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6709\u660e\u663e\u4e1a\u52a1\u9ad8\u5cf0\u7684\u7ad9\u70b9\uff0c\u7ef4\u62a4\u7a97\u53e3\u4e5f\u5e94\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6\u6bb5\u9519\u5f00\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5728\u8ba2\u5355\u63d0\u4ea4\u6216\u6279\u91cf\u540c\u6b65\u671f\u95f4\u89e6\u53d1\u91cd\u6e05\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u90e8\u7f72\u5728 Hostease \u7684 VPS\uff08\u865a\u62df\u4e13\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff09\u6216\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65b9\u6848\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408\u5b9e\u4f8b\u76d1\u63a7\u770b CPU\u3001\u78c1\u76d8 I\/O\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u5907\u4efd\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u518d\u51b3\u5b9a Autovacuum \u53c2\u6570\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u79ef\u6781\u3002\u8d44\u6e90\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u74f6\u9888\u540c\u6837\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u6e05\u7406\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u5355\u9760 SQL \u53c2\u6570\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f25\u8865\u78c1\u76d8\u6027\u80fd\u6216\u5bb9\u91cf\u89c4\u5212\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u603b\u7ed3\uff1a\u5148\u63a7\u5236\u81a8\u80c0\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u518d\u5904\u7406\u5386\u53f2\u5305\u88b1<\/h2>\n<p>PostgreSQL \u8868\u81a8\u80c0\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u63a8\u8350\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\uff1a\u5148\u786e\u8ba4\u6b7b\u5143\u7ec4\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u589e\u957f\u662f\u5426\u771f\u5b9e\u5f71\u54cd\u4e1a\u52a1\uff0c\u518d\u5bf9\u70ed\u70b9\u8868\u964d\u4f4e Autovacuum \u89e6\u53d1\u9608\u503c\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u628a\u624b\u52a8 Vacuum \u6216\u91cd\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u653e\u8fdb\u53ef\u63a7\u7ef4\u62a4\u7a97\u53e3\u3002\u4e0d\u8981\u4e00\u4e0a\u6765\u5168\u5c40\u8c03\u5927\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8981\u628a <code>VACUUM FULL<\/code> \u5f53\u4f5c\u65e5\u5e38\u4efb\u52a1\uff1b\u524d\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u5236\u9020\u8d44\u6e90\u4e89\u62a2\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u9501\u7b49\u5f85\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u66f4\u7a33\u59a5\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u662f\uff0c\u4ece 3 \u5f20\u6700\u70ed\u7684\u8868\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u7528 24 \u5230 72 \u5c0f\u65f6\u89c2\u5bdf\u53c2\u6570\u6548\u679c\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u589e\u957f\u548c\u6b7b\u5143\u7ec4\u8d8b\u52bf\u90fd\u660e\u663e\u6539\u5584\uff0c\u518d\u628a\u540c\u6837\u65b9\u6cd5\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u540c\u7c7b\u8868\u3002\u82e5\u4f60\u540c\u65f6\u5173\u6ce8<a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/guides\/ttfb-hosting-optimization\/\">\u7f51\u7ad9\u6027\u80fd<\/a>\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u4e3b\u673a\u8d44\u6e90\u89c4\u5212\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003<a href=\"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/vps\/\">VPS\uff08\u865a\u62df\u4e13\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff09<\/a>\u76f8\u5173\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u4e1a\u52a1\u5199\u5165\u91cf\u3001\u5907\u4efd\u9891\u7387\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u7a97\u53e3\u9009\u62e9\u66f4\u5408\u9002\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u6838\u5fc3\u76ee\u6807\u4e0d\u662f\u628a\u6240\u6709\u6307\u6807\u8c03\u5230\u6f02\u4eae\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8ba9\u6e05\u7406\u901f\u5ea6\u957f\u671f\u8ddf\u5f97\u4e0a\u4e1a\u52a1\u5199\u5165\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4ece\u6b7b\u5143\u7ec4\u3001\u81a8\u80c0\u5224\u65ad\u3001Autovacuum \u53c2\u6570\u548c\u624b\u52a8\u7ef4\u62a4\u7a97\u53e3\u5165\u624b\uff0c\u6559\u4f60\u5efa\u7acb PostgreSQL \u8868\u81a8\u80c0\u6cbb\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u78c1\u76d8\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":32703,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3822],"tags":[4873,4872,4875,565,4874],"class_list":["post-32706","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-guides","tag-autovacuum","tag-postgresqlvacuum","tag-4875","tag-565","tag-4874"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/postgresql-vacuum-bloat-tuning-cover.webp","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32706","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32706"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32706\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32707,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32706\/revisions\/32707"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32703"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32706"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32706"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32706"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}