{"id":32210,"date":"2026-07-28T12:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-07-28T04:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/?p=32210"},"modified":"2026-07-29T18:03:07","modified_gmt":"2026-07-29T10:03:07","slug":"ansible-server-playbook-practice","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/tutorials\/ansible-server-playbook-practice\/","title":{"rendered":"Ansible \u6279\u91cf\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u5b9e\u6218\uff1a\u4ece\u4e34\u65f6\u547d\u4ee4\u5230\u53ef\u590d\u7528 Playbook"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Ansible<\/p>\n

Ansible \u6279\u91cf\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e<\/a>\u6700\u9002\u5408\u89e3\u51b3\u201c\u673a\u5668\u4e00\u591a\uff0c\u624b\u5de5 SSH \u767b\u5f55\u5c31\u5bb9\u6613\u6f0f\u6b65\u9aa4\u201d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4f1a\u6559\u4f60\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u7684 ad-hoc \u547d\u4ee4\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u6574\u7406\u51fa\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u7684 Playbook\uff08\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u4efb\u52a1\u5267\u672c\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6848\u4f8b\u8bf4\u660e inventory\uff08\u4e3b\u673a\u6e05\u5355\uff09\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u4efb\u52a1\u62c6\u5206\u548c\u7ed3\u679c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u8bfb\u5b8c\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u3001\u540c\u6b65\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1\u8fd9\u7c7b\u91cd\u590d\u52a8\u4f5c\u6536\u655b\u6210\u4e00\u5957\u53ef\u5ba1\u8ba1\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u9760\u804a\u5929\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e60\u60ef\u4f20\u9012\u8fd0\u7ef4\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5148\u5224\u65ad\u573a\u666f\uff1a\u54ea\u4e9b\u4efb\u52a1\u503c\u5f97\u4ea4\u7ed9 Ansible<\/h2>\n

\u5728\u53ea\u6709 1 \u53f0\u6d4b\u8bd5\u673a\u65f6\uff0c\u624b\u5de5\u6267\u884c 5 \u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u901a\u5e38\u66f4\u5feb\uff1b\u4f46\u5f53\u540c\u4e00\u5957\u64cd\u4f5c\u8981\u8986\u76d6 3 \u53f0\u300110 \u53f0\u751a\u81f3\u66f4\u591a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\uff0c\u624b\u5de5\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4f1a\u8fc5\u901f\u653e\u5927\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u98ce\u9669\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7b2c 6 \u53f0\u673a\u5668\u5c11\u6539\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u914d\u7f6e\u9879\u3001\u7b2c 9 \u53f0\u5fd8\u8bb0\u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u79bb\u804c\u4ea4\u63a5\u65f6\u6ca1\u4eba\u80fd\u8bf4\u6e05\u695a\u5f53\u521d\u6539\u8fc7\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002<\/p>\n

Ansible \u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u5728\u4e8e\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u5199\u6210\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7 SSH\uff08\u5b89\u5168\u5916\u58f3\u534f\u8bae\uff09\u8fde\u63a5\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u6267\u884c\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u88ab\u7ba1\u7406\u7aef\u957f\u671f\u8fd0\u884c agent\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u63a7\u5236\u7aef\u80fd\u8fde\u4e0a\u76ee\u6807\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e14\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u5177\u5907 Python \u8fd0\u884c\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u5927\u591a\u6570 Linux \u8fd0\u7ef4\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u5bf9\u4e2d\u5c0f\u56e2\u961f\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f4e\u4fb5\u5165\u65b9\u5f0f\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u4ece\u73b0\u6709\u6d41\u7a0b\u63a5\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u5efa\u8bae\u5148\u9009\u62e9\u201c\u91cd\u590d\u9891\u7387\u9ad8\u3001\u5931\u8d25\u5f71\u54cd\u53ef\u63a7\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6761\u4ef6\u660e\u786e\u201d\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u505a\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u521b\u5efa\u90e8\u7f72\u7528\u6237\u3001\u7edf\u4e00\u65f6\u533a\u3001\u5b89\u88c5 Nginx\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u3001\u4e0b\u53d1\u76d1\u63a7 agent\u3002\u8fd9\u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u5171\u540c\u7279\u70b9\u662f\uff1a\u547d\u4ee4\u76f8\u5bf9\u56fa\u5b9a\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u72b6\u6001\u6e05\u6670\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 systemctl status<\/code>\u3001\u7aef\u53e3\u63a2\u6d4b\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\u6821\u9a8c\u5feb\u901f\u786e\u8ba4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u8fd0\u884c\u5728 VPS\uff08\u865a\u62df\u4e13\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff09<\/a> \u6216\u591a\u53f0\u72ec\u7acb\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\uff0cAnsible \u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u628a\u57fa\u7840\u73af\u5883\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u662f\u5355\u53f0\u4e34\u65f6\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u5148\u628a\u547d\u4ee4\u8bb0\u5f55\u5b8c\u6574\uff0c\u518d\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u6574\u7406\u6210 Playbook \u4f1a\u66f4\u7a33\u59a5\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u4e09\u53f0\u7f51\u7ad9\u8282\u70b9\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u201d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u628a\u6d41\u7a0b\u62c6\u5f00\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u51c6\u5907 inventory\uff1a\u5148\u628a\u76ee\u6807\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5206\u7ec4\u6e05\u695a<\/h2>\n

inventory \u662f Ansible \u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u6e05\u5355\uff0c\u5b83\u56de\u7b54\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u8981\u7ba1\u7406\u54ea\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4ec0\u4e48\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u4e0d\u8981\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u628a\u6240\u6709\u673a\u5668\u90fd\u585e\u8fdb\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a all<\/code> \u7ec4\u91cc\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u540e\u7eed\u6269\u5c55\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8282\u70b9\u3001\u7f13\u5b58\u8282\u70b9\u3001Web \u8282\u70b9\u65f6\u4f1a\u5f88\u6df7\u4e71\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5316\u7684 inventory \u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\uff1a<\/p>\n

[web]\nweb1 ansible_host=192.0.2.11 ansible_user=deploy\nweb2 ansible_host=192.0.2.12 ansible_user=deploy\nweb3 ansible_host=192.0.2.13 ansible_user=deploy\n\n[web:vars]\nansible_port=22\nansible_python_interpreter=\/usr\/bin\/python3\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 web<\/code> \u662f\u4e1a\u52a1\u5206\u7ec4\uff0cansible_host<\/code> \u662f\u8fde\u63a5\u5730\u5740\uff0cansible_user<\/code> \u662f\u767b\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u6863\u4fdd\u7559\u7f51\u6bb5\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u771f\u5b9e\u516c\u7f51 IP\u3002\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u628a\u5bc6\u7801\u76f4\u63a5\u5199\u8fdb inventory\uff1b\u66f4\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 SSH \u5bc6\u94a5\u3001\u5821\u5792\u673a\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u6216\u7ed3\u5408 Ansible Vault\uff08\u52a0\u5bc6\u53d8\u91cf\u5de5\u5177\uff09\u4fdd\u5b58\u654f\u611f\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
\"Ansible<\/p>\n
\u5199\u5b8c inventory \u540e\uff0c\u5148\u4e0d\u8981\u6025\u7740\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u5e94\u8be5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u63a7\u5236\u7aef\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u8fde\u63a5\u6240\u6709\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\uff1a<\/p>\n
ansible -i inventory.ini web -m ping\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u679c\u8fd4\u56de pong<\/code>\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e Ansible \u80fd\u8c03\u7528\u8fdc\u7aef Python \u6a21\u5757\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u4f18\u5148\u68c0\u67e5 3 \u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1aSSH \u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\u3001\u76ee\u6807\u7aef\u53e3\u662f\u5426\u653e\u884c\u3001\u76ee\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728 \/usr\/bin\/python3<\/code>\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e<\/a> \u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u662f\u540e\u7eed\u6240\u6709 Playbook \u7684\u524d\u7f6e\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u8df3\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u4f1a\u8ba9\u6392\u969c\u8303\u56f4\u53d8\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7528 ad-hoc \u547d\u4ee4\u505a\u63a2\u6d4b\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u628a\u4e34\u65f6\u547d\u4ee4\u5f53\u957f\u671f\u65b9\u6848<\/h2>\n
ad-hoc \u547d\u4ee4\u9002\u5408\u505a\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u548c\u5feb\u901f\u4fee\u590d\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u77ed\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u3001\u53cd\u9988\u5feb\uff1b\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u6267\u884c\u903b\u8f91\u7559\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u5386\u53f2\u91cc\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u5ba1\u67e5\u548c\u590d\u7528\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u628a\u5b83\u7528\u4e8e\u201c\u786e\u8ba4\u72b6\u6001\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u957f\u671f\u627f\u8f7d\u5b8c\u6574\u90e8\u7f72\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u5982\u67e5\u770b\u4e09\u53f0 Web \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7248\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n
ansible -i inventory.ini web -m command -a "cat \/etc\/os-release"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u68c0\u67e5 Nginx \u662f\u5426\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n
ansible -i inventory.ini web -m command -a "nginx -v"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u73b0 3 \u53f0\u91cc\u6709 1 \u53f0\u7f3a\u5c11\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u624b\u5de5\u767b\u5f55\u90a3\u4e00\u53f0\u8865\u88c5\u3002\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u628a\u201c\u786e\u4fdd Nginx \u5b58\u5728\u201d\u5199\u8fdb Playbook\uff0c\u8ba9\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u6267\u884c\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u5373\u4fbf\u5176\u4e2d 2 \u53f0\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\uff0cAnsible \u4e5f\u4f1a\u62a5\u544a\u65e0\u9700\u53d8\u66f4\uff1b\u53ea\u6709\u7f3a\u5931\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u4f1a\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n
ad-hoc \u547d\u4ee4\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff1a\u53d1\u5e03\u524d\u6279\u91cf\u786e\u8ba4\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5728\u6240\u6709 Web \u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\u67e5\u770b 80 \u7aef\u53e3\u76d1\u542c\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a<\/p>\n
ansible -i inventory.ini web -m shell -a "ss -lntp | grep ':80 '"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f7f\u7528 shell<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\u65f6\u8981\u8c28\u614e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4f1a\u7ecf\u8fc7 shell \u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u5c55\u5f00\u3001\u7ba1\u9053\u548c\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u989d\u5916\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u80fd\u7528 command<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f18\u5148\u4e0d\u7528 shell<\/code>\u3002\u628a\u8fd9\u6761\u8fb9\u754c\u5b9a\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u5199 Playbook \u65f6\u4e5f\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0d\u53ef\u9884\u671f\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u628a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6574\u7406\u6210 Playbook<\/h2>\n
\u5f53\u63a2\u6d4b\u547d\u4ee4\u7a33\u5b9a\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u76ee\u6807\u72b6\u6001\u5199\u8fdb Playbook\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u793a\u4f8b\u5b8c\u6210 4 \u4ef6\u4e8b\uff1a\u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7f13\u5b58\u3001\u5b89\u88c5 Nginx\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u7ad9\u70b9\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u786e\u4fdd\u670d\u52a1\u542f\u52a8\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u9762\u5411 Debian\/Ubuntu \u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u9700\u8981\u66ff\u6362\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n
---\n- name: Prepare web servers\n  hosts: web\n  become: true\n  tasks:\n    - name: Update package cache\n      ansible.builtin.apt:\n        update_cache: true\n        cache_valid_time: 3600\n\n    - name: Install nginx\n      ansible.builtin.apt:\n        name: nginx\n        state: present\n\n    - name: Create site directory\n      ansible.builtin.file:\n        path: \/var\/www\/example-site\n        state: directory\n        owner: www-data\n        group: www-data\n        mode: "0755"\n\n    - name: Ensure nginx is running\n      ansible.builtin.service:\n        name: nginx\n        state: started\n        enabled: true\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
ansible-playbook -i inventory.ini web-init.yml\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Playbook \u7684\u5173\u952e\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u628a\u547d\u4ee4\u6362\u6210 YAML\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u76ee\u6807\u72b6\u6001\u3002state: present<\/code> \u8868\u793a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5e94\u8be5\u5b58\u5728\uff0cstate: started<\/code> \u8868\u793a\u670d\u52a1\u5e94\u8be5\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u76ee\u6807\u5df2\u7ecf\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\uff0cAnsible \u4f1a\u5c3d\u91cf\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u5e42\u7b49\u6027\u3002\u5e42\u7b49\u6027\u8d8a\u597d\uff0c\u8d8a\u9002\u5408\u5728\u7070\u5ea6\u53d1\u5e03\u3001\u707e\u5907\u6062\u590d\u548c\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u6269\u5bb9\u65f6\u53cd\u590d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
\"Ansible<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u540c\u65f6\u7ba1\u7406\u5efa\u7ad9\u73af\u5883\u3001\u4e1a\u52a1 API \u548c\u540e\u53f0\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u4e0d\u540c\u89d2\u8272\u62c6\u6210\u591a\u4e2a Playbook \u6216 role\uff08\u89d2\u8272\u76ee\u5f55\uff09\u3002\u4f8b\u5982 roles\/nginx<\/code> \u7ba1 Web \u670d\u52a1\uff0croles\/users<\/code> \u7ba1\u7528\u6237\uff0croles\/firewall<\/code> \u7ba1\u7aef\u53e3\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u62c6\u5206\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u663e\u5f97\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u4e00\u6b21\u53d8\u66f4\u53ea\u5f71\u54cd\u660e\u786e\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u6a21\u677f\u548c\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a\u8ba9\u914d\u7f6e\u53ef\u590d\u7528\u4f46\u4e0d\u5931\u63a7<\/h2>\n
\u771f\u5b9e\u9879\u76ee\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6c38\u8fdc\u4f7f\u7528\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u57df\u540d\u3001\u7aef\u53e3\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u201c\u4f1a\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u201d\u4ece\u4efb\u52a1\u91cc\u62bd\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u8ba9 Playbook \u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u9884\u751f\u4ea7\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e4b\u95f4\u590d\u7528\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u5728 group_vars\/web.yml<\/code> \u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58 Web \u7ec4\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n
site_root: \/var\/www\/example-site\nnginx_worker_connections: 1024\nsite_domain: example.com\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u968f\u540e\u5728\u4efb\u52a1\u91cc\u5f15\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n
- name: Create site directory\n  ansible.builtin.file:\n    path: "{{ site_root }}"\n    state: directory\n    owner: www-data\n    group: www-data\n    mode: "0755"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5f53\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u9700\u8981\u968f\u53d8\u91cf\u751f\u6210\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 Jinja2 \u6a21\u677f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u628a Nginx \u7ad9\u70b9\u914d\u7f6e\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a templates\/site.conf.j2<\/code>\uff0c\u518d\u901a\u8fc7 template<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\u4e0b\u53d1\u3002\u6a21\u677f\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u7528 {{ site_domain }}<\/code> \u548c {{ site_root }}<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u540c\u4e00\u5957\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u4ee5\u670d\u52a1\u591a\u4e2a\u7ad9\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n
\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0d\u8981\u653e\u8fdb\u666e\u901a YAML\u3002\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5bc6\u7801\u3001API token\u3001\u79c1\u94a5\u7247\u6bb5\u5e94\u4f7f\u7528 Ansible Vault \u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u6216\u653e\u5165\u53d7\u63a7\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u4ed3\u5e93\u662f\u79c1\u6709\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u5047\u8bbe\u5b83\u672a\u6765\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u66f4\u591a\u534f\u4f5c\u4eba\u5458\u8bfb\u53d6\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u5e95\u7ebf\u662f\uff1a\u80fd\u516c\u5f00\u7ed9\u65b0\u540c\u4e8b\u770b\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u653e Git\uff1b\u4e0d\u80fd\u516c\u5f00\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5fc5\u987b\u52a0\u5bc6\u6216\u5916\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u4e5f\u9002\u5408\u548c \u8fd0\u7ef4\u6307\u5357<\/a> \u6587\u6863\u914d\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a\u6587\u6863\u8bf4\u660e\u201c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e48\u914d\u7f6e\u201d\uff0cPlaybook \u8d1f\u8d23\u201c\u5982\u4f55\u843d\u5730\u914d\u7f6e\u201d\u3002\u4e24\u8005\u653e\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ed3\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u53d8\u66f4\u8bb0\u5f55\u4f1a\u6bd4\u96f6\u6563\u5de5\u5355\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u8ffd\u8e2a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e0e\u56de\u6eda\uff1a\u6279\u91cf\u6267\u884c\u524d\u5fc5\u987b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5239\u8f66<\/h2>\n
\u6279\u91cf\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u4e00\u6761\u9519\u8bef\u914d\u7f6e\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u5f71\u54cd\u591a\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u56e0\u6b64 Playbook \u5199\u5b8c\u540e\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e94\u76f4\u63a5\u5bf9\u751f\u4ea7\u5168\u91cf\u6267\u884c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5efa\u8bae\u6309\u7167\u201c\u8bed\u6cd5\u68c0\u67e5\u2192\u7a7a\u8dd1\u2192\u5c0f\u6279\u91cf\u2192\u5168\u91cf\u201d\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u63a8\u8fdb\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5e38\u7528\u9a8c\u8bc1\u547d\u4ee4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
ansible-playbook -i inventory.ini web-init.yml --syntax-check\nansible-playbook -i inventory.ini web-init.yml --check\nansible-playbook -i inventory.ini web-init.yml --limit web1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
--syntax-check<\/code> \u53ea\u80fd\u53d1\u73b0 YAML \u6216\u4efb\u52a1\u683c\u5f0f\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u903b\u8f91\u6b63\u786e\uff1b--check<\/code> \u662f\u7a7a\u8dd1\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u9884\u4f30\u4f1a\u4fee\u6539\u54ea\u4e9b\u8d44\u6e90\uff1b--limit web1<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u5bf9 1 \u53f0\u673a\u5668\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u65e0\u8bef\u540e\u518d\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u6574\u4e2a web<\/code> \u7ec4\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6d89\u53ca\u9632\u706b\u5899\u3001SSH \u914d\u7f6e\u3001Nginx \u4e3b\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5148\u5c0f\u6279\u91cf\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5c24\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56de\u6eda\u4e5f\u8981\u63d0\u524d\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002Ansible \u4e0d\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u628a\u6240\u6709\u53d8\u66f4\u6062\u590d\u5230\u6267\u884c\u524d\u3002\u66f4\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u914d\u7f6e\u4fdd\u7559\u5907\u4efd\uff0c\u5e76\u628a\u56de\u6eda\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e5f\u5199\u6210 Playbook\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\u53d1 Nginx \u914d\u7f6e\u524d\u4f7f\u7528 backup: true<\/code>\uff0c\u6216\u5c06\u65e7\u7248\u672c\u914d\u7f6e\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u7248\u672c\u5e93\u91cc\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u6309 commit \u56de\u9000\u3002<\/p>\n
\"Ansible<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5728 Hostease \u7684 VPS<\/a>\uff08\u865a\u62df\u4e13\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/a>\uff09\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u81ea\u7ba1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5148\u521b\u5efa 1 \u53f0\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u628a inventory\u3001Playbook\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u56de\u6eda\u6b65\u9aa4\u8dd1\u901a\uff0c\u518d\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u751f\u4ea7\u5206\u7ec4\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u8ffd\u6c42\u4e00\u6b21\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8ba9\u5931\u8d25\u8303\u56f4\u53ef\u63a7\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8bc1\u636e\u6e05\u695a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56e2\u961f\u843d\u5730\u5efa\u8bae\uff1a\u4ece\u4e00\u5957\u5c0f\u6d41\u7a0b\u5f00\u59cb\u6807\u51c6\u5316<\/h2>\n
Ansible \u6279\u91cf\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u5fc5\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u505a\u6210\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5e73\u53f0\u3002\u5bf9\u591a\u6570\u56e2\u961f\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u53ea\u8981\u628a 3 \u7c7b\u9ad8\u9891\u4efb\u52a1\u6c89\u6dc0\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u660e\u663e\u51cf\u5c11\u91cd\u590d\u52b3\u52a8\uff1a\u65b0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3001Web \u670d\u52a1\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u57fa\u7840\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1\u90fd\u5e94\u5305\u542b inventory\u3001Playbook\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u6587\u4ef6\u548c README\uff0cREADME \u91cc\u5199\u6e05\u695a\u9002\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u7248\u672c\u3001\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u56de\u6eda\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5efa\u8bae\u4f60\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u63a8\u8fdb\uff1a\u5148\u9009 2-3 \u53f0\u975e\u6838\u5fc3\u8282\u70b9\u8bd5\u70b9\uff1b\u518d\u628a\u624b\u5de5\u547d\u4ee4\u8f6c\u6362\u6210 Playbook\uff1b\u968f\u540e\u7528 --check<\/code> \u548c --limit<\/code> \u63a7\u5236\u8303\u56f4\uff1b\u6700\u540e\u628a\u6267\u884c\u8bb0\u5f55\u7eb3\u5165\u4ee3\u7801\u4ed3\u5e93\u6216\u53d8\u66f4\u5de5\u5355\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u65e2\u80fd\u4fdd\u7559\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u6b21\u6279\u91cf\u6267\u884c\u5f71\u54cd\u5168\u90e8\u4e1a\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n
\u603b\u7ed3\u6765\u770b\uff0cad-hoc \u547d\u4ee4\u9002\u5408\u63a2\u6d4b\uff0cPlaybook \u9002\u5408\u6c89\u6dc0\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u6a21\u677f\u8d1f\u8d23\u590d\u7528\uff0c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e0e\u56de\u6eda\u8d1f\u8d23\u63a7\u5236\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u7a33\u5b9a\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u53f0 \u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/a>\u3001\u90e8\u7f72\u591a\u4e2a\u7ad9\u70b9\uff0c\u6216\u6b63\u5728\u628a\u624b\u5de5\u8fd0\u7ef4\u6d41\u7a0b\u6807\u51c6\u5316\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4ece\u672c\u6587\u8fd9\u5957\u6700\u5c0f\u5b9e\u8df5\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u518d\u9010\u6b65\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u76d1\u63a7\u3001\u5907\u4efd\u548c\u53d1\u5e03\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u672c\u6587\u4ee5\u7f51\u7ad9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u8bb2\u89e3 Ansible \u6279\u91cf\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u7684 inventory\u3001ad-hoc \u547d\u4ee4\u3001Playbook \u7f16\u5199\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u62c6\u5206\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u56e2\u961f\u628a\u91cd\u590d\u8fd0\u7ef4\u6d41\u7a0b\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":32206,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4099],"tags":[4666,4664,4663,4665],"class_list":["post-32210","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tutorials","tag-ad-hoc","tag-ansibleplaybook","tag-ansible","tag-4665"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ansible-server-playbook-practice-cover.webp","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32210","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32210"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32210\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32213,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32210\/revisions\/32213"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32206"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32210"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32210"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn.hostease.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32210"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}