![\"Docker](\"images\/docker-compose-multi-service-deployment-cover.webp\")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f60\u662f\u5426\u9047\u5230\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff1a\u672c\u5730\u5f00\u53d1\u65f6\u7528\u4e00\u6761 \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684 Web \u5e94\u7528\u81f3\u5c11\u5305\u542b\u4e09\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\uff1aWeb \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u7f13\u5b58\u3002\u624b\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u987a\u5e8f\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u4e92\u901a\u548c\u6570\u636e\u6301\u4e45\u5316\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u7e41\u7410\u8fd8\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u9519\u3002Docker Compose \u7528\u4e00\u4e2a YAML \u6587\u4ef6\u5c31\u80fd\u5b9a\u4e49\u6574\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u6808\uff0c\u8ba9\u4f60\u5728\u4efb\u4f55 VPS\uff08\u865a\u62df\u4e13\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff09<\/a> \u6216\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u865a\u62df\u4e3b\u673a\uff09\u4e0a\u90fd\u80fd\u4e00\u952e\u90e8\u7f72\u3002<\/p>\n Docker Compose \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a \u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u57fa\u7840\u7684 Compose \u6587\u4ef6\u5305\u542b\u4e09\u4e2a\u9876\u7ea7\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n \u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4e09\u5c42\u5e94\u7528 Compose \u6587\u4ef6\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n yaml services: app: db: cache: volumes: networks: \u8fd9\u6bb5\u914d\u7f6e\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u56db\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\uff1aNginx \u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u3001MySQL \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c Redis \u7f13\u5b58\u3002 \u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5feb\u901f\u542f\u52a8\u3001\u65b9\u4fbf\u8c03\u8bd5\u3001\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u91cd\u7f6e\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e Node.js + MySQL + Redis \u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u9879\u76ee\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n \nmy-project\/ \u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u5206\u79bb<\/strong>\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u4e0e\u751f\u4ea7\u5171\u7528\u4e00\u5957 Compose \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6280\u5de7\u3002\u901a\u8fc7 yaml<\/p>\n services: \u6570\u636e\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/strong>\u65b9\u9762\uff0cMySQL \u5b98\u65b9\u955c\u50cf\u652f\u6301\u5728\u9996\u6b21\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u6267\u884c \u8c03\u8bd5\u6280\u5de7<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f53\u5e94\u7528\u5bb9\u5668\u5185\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u8bd5\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6302\u8f7d\u6e90\u7801\u5377\uff08volume mount\uff09\u8ba9\u4f60\u5728\u672c\u5730\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u4fee\u6539\u4ee3\u7801\u540e\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u5185\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6548\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e Node.js \u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u914d\u5408 \u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0d\u662f\u529f\u80fd\u4e0a\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u4e0a\u7684\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5c06 Docker Compose \u4ece\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u65f6\u5fc5\u987b\u5904\u7406\u7684\u4e94\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<\/p>\n \u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e0d\u80fd\u628a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5bc6\u7801\u660e\u6587\u5199\u5728 yaml secrets: \u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u65f6\u91cd\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f46\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6570\u636e\u662f\u6838\u5fc3\u8d44\u4ea7\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u540d\u6570\u636e\u5377\uff08named volume\uff09\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5236\u5b9a\u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u8ba1\u5212\uff1a<\/p>\n \u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u7f13\u5b58\u670d\u52a1\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u66b4\u9732\u5230\u516c\u7f51\u3002\u901a\u8fc7 Compose \u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u53ea\u8ba9 Web \u670d\u52a1\u76d1\u542c\u5916\u90e8\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u670d\u52a1\u4ec5\u5728\u5185\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u914d\u5408 SSL\uff08\u5b89\u5168\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\uff09<\/a> \u8bc1\u4e66\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u52a0\u5bc6\u3002<\/p>\n yaml app: db: \u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u670d\u52a1\u5728\u5d29\u6e83\u540e\u81ea\u52a8\u6062\u590d\u3002Compose \u63d0\u4f9b yaml db:docker-compose up<\/code> \u5c31\u80fd\u8dd1\u8d77\u6574\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u6808\uff0c\u4f46\u5230\u4e86\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u5374\u72b6\u51b5\u767e\u51fa\u2014\u2014\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u8d85\u65f6\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u5931\u8d25\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5377\u6302\u8f7d\u51fa\u9519\uff1f\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u6559\u4f60\u5982\u4f55\u628a Docker Compose\uff08\u5bb9\u5668\u7f16\u6392\u5de5\u5177\uff09\u4ece\u5f00\u53d1\u73a9\u5177\u53d8\u6210\u751f\u4ea7\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u90e8\u7f72\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\nDocker Compose \u57fa\u7840\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5b9a\u4e49\u6574\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u6808<\/h2>\n
docker-compose.yml<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u9010\u4e2a\u8fd0\u884c docker run<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\uff0cCompose \u8ba9\u4f60\u7528\u58f0\u660e\u5f0f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u63cf\u8ff0\u6240\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5377\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u5efa\u73af\u5883\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u80fd\u4ece\u96f6\u542f\u52a8\u5168\u90e8\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n\n
\nversion: “3.8”<\/p>\n
\n web:
\n image: nginx:alpine
\n ports:
\n – “80:80”
\n depends_on:
\n – app
\n networks:
\n – frontend<\/p>\n
\n build: .\/app
\n environment:
\n – DB_HOST=db
\n – REDIS_HOST=cache
\n depends_on:
\n – db
\n – cache
\n networks:
\n – frontend
\n – backend<\/p>\n
\n image: mysql:8.0
\n environment:
\n MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD_FILE: \/run\/secrets\/db_root_password
\n volumes:
\n – db_data:\/var\/lib\/mysql
\n networks:
\n – backend<\/p>\n
\n image: redis:7-alpine
\n networks:
\n – backend<\/p>\n
\n db_data:<\/p>\n
\n frontend:
\n backend:\n<\/p>\ndepends_on<\/code> \u63a7\u5236\u542f\u52a8\u987a\u5e8f\uff0cnetworks<\/code> \u9694\u79bb\u524d\u7aef\u548c\u540e\u7aef\u6d41\u91cf\uff0cvolumes<\/code> \u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6570\u636e\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u6027\u80fd\u8c03\u4f18\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003 \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u6307\u5357<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u5b9e\u6218\uff1a\u4ece\u96f6\u642d\u5efa\u672c\u5730\u591a\u670d\u52a1\u73af\u5883<\/h2>\n
\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784<\/h3>\n
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 docker-compose.yml
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 app\/
\n\u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500 Dockerfile
\n\u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500 package.json
\n\u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500 src\/
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 db\/
\n\u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500 init.sql
\n\u2514\u2500\u2500 .env\n<\/p>\n\u5173\u952e\u914d\u7f6e\u8981\u70b9<\/h3>\n
.env<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u548c env_file<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u73af\u5883\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e0d\u540c\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\ndocker-compose.yml \u4e2d\u5f15\u7528\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/h2>\n
\n app:
\n build: .\/app
\n env_file:
\n – .env.${NODE_ENV:-development}
\n volumes:
\n – .\/app\/src:\/usr\/src\/app\/src # \u5f00\u53d1\u65f6\u6302\u8f7d\u6e90\u7801\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u70ed\u91cd\u8f7d
\n ports:
\n – “3000:3000”
\n – “9229:9229” # Node.js \u8c03\u8bd5\u7aef\u53e3\n<\/p>\n\n# .env.development\nNODE_ENV=development\nDB_HOST=db\nDB_PORT=3306\nDB_NAME=myapp_dev\nREDIS_URL=redis:\/\/cache:6379\nDEBUG=true\n<\/pre>\n
\/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d\/<\/code> \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684 SQL \u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5c06\u4f60\u7684\u5efa\u8868\u8bed\u53e5\u548c\u521d\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u653e\u5728 db\/init.sql<\/code>\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u9996\u6b21\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6267\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n# \u542f\u52a8\u6574\u4e2a\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\ndocker-compose up -d\n\n# \u67e5\u770b\u670d\u52a1\u72b6\u6001\ndocker-compose ps\n\n# \u67e5\u770b\u5e94\u7528\u65e5\u5fd7\uff08\u5b9e\u65f6\u8ddf\u8e2a\uff09\ndocker-compose logs -f app\n\n# \u91cd\u5efa\u955c\u50cf\uff08\u4ee3\u7801\u53d8\u66f4\u540e\uff09\ndocker-compose up -d --build\n<\/pre>\n
nodemon<\/code> \u6216 --watch<\/code> \u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u70ed\u91cd\u8f7d\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5728 \u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/a> \u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u8d44\u6e90\u9694\u79bb\u6027\u4f1a\u66f4\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n![\"Docker](\"images\/docker-compose-multi-service-deployment-dev-workflow.webp\")
<\/p>\n\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u90e8\u7f72\uff1a\u4ece”\u80fd\u8dd1”\u5230”\u53ef\u9760”<\/h2>\n
![\"\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u4e0e\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u914d\u7f6e\u5bf9\u6bd4\"](\"images\/docker-compose-multi-service-deployment-prod-vs-dev.webp\")
<\/p>\n\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0e\u5bc6\u94a5\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n
docker-compose.yml<\/code> \u91cc\u3002Docker Compose \u652f\u6301 secrets<\/code> \u548c env_file<\/code> \u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u7ba1\u7406\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<\/p>\n
\nservices:
\n db:
\n image: mysql:8.0
\n secrets:
\n – db_root_password
\n environment:
\n MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD_FILE: \/run\/secrets\/db_root_password<\/p>\n
\n db_root_password:
\n file: .\/secrets\/db_root_password.txt\n<\/p>\n\u6570\u636e\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u4e0e\u5907\u4efd\u7b56\u7565<\/h3>\n
\n# \u5907\u4efd MySQL \u6570\u636e\u5e93\ndocker-compose exec db mysqldump -u root -p myapp_prod > backup_$(date +%Y%m%d).sql\n\n# \u5907\u4efd Redis \u6570\u636e\ndocker-compose exec cache redis-cli BGSAVE\ndocker cp $(docker-compose ps -q cache):\/data\/dump.rdb .\/backups\/\n<\/pre>\n
\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u4e0e\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406<\/h3>\n
\nservices:
\n nginx:
\n image: nginx:alpine
\n ports:
\n – “443:443”
\n – “80:80”
\n volumes:
\n – .\/nginx\/conf.d:\/etc\/nginx\/conf.d
\n – .\/certs:\/etc\/nginx\/certs
\n networks:
\n – frontend<\/p>\n
\n # \u4e0d\u66b4\u9732\u7aef\u53e3\u5230\u5bbf\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u53ea\u5728\u5185\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1
\n expose:
\n – “3000”
\n networks:
\n – frontend
\n – backend<\/p>\n
\n # \u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0d\u6620\u5c04\u7aef\u53e3\u5230\u5bbf\u4e3b\u673a
\n networks:
\n – backend\n<\/p>\n\u5065\u5eb7\u68c0\u67e5\u4e0e\u81ea\u52a8\u91cd\u542f<\/h3>\n
healthcheck<\/code> \u548c restart<\/code> \u914d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n
\nservices:
\n app:
\n restart: unless-stopped
\n healthcheck:
\n test: [“CMD”, “curl”, “-f”, “http:\/\/localhost:3000\/health”]
\n interval: 30s
\n timeout: 10s
\n retries: 3
\n start_period: 40s<\/p>\n
\n restart: unless-stopped
\n healthcheck:
\n test: [“CMD”, “mysqladmin”, “ping”, “-h”, “localhost”]
\n interval: 10s
\n timeout: 5s
\n retries: 5\n<\/p>\nrestart: unless-stopped<\/code> \u786e\u4fdd\u5bb9\u5668\u5728\u610f\u5916\u9000\u51fa\u540e\u81ea\u52a8\u91cd\u542f\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u4f60\u624b\u52a8\u505c\u6b62\u5b83\u3002healthcheck<\/code> \u8ba9 Docker \u5b9a\u671f\u68c0\u67e5\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u5426\u771f\u6b63\u53ef\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec5\u4ec5”\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u8fd0\u884c”\u3002<\/p>\n\u5f00\u53d1 vs \u751f\u4ea7\u914d\u7f6e\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h2>\n